und

English Online Dictionary. What means und‎? What does und mean?

Translingual

Symbol

und

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for an undetermined language.

English

Alternative forms

• vnd (alternative typography) [16^th C.]

Etymology

From Middle English unde (“a wave”), from either the Old French unde or Latin unda (“wave”). Doublet of water, ultimately from the same Indo-European root.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʌnd/
• Rhymes: -ʌnd

Noun

und (plural unds)

1. (obsolete, rare) A wave.
2. (heraldry) A billow- or wave-like marking.

Related terms

References

• OED (2nd ed., 1989), “†und”

Anagrams

• DNU, Dun, dun

Bavarian

Etymology

From Middle High German unde, from Old High German unti, from Proto-West Germanic, from Proto-Germanic *andi. Cognates include German und and Luxembourgish an.

Pronunciation

• (Vienna) IPA^(key): /ˈunt/
• Hyphenation: und

Conjunction

und

1. (Vienna) and

   Du und i. ― You and I.

References

• Maria Hornung; Sigmar Grüner (2002), “und”, in Wörterbuch der Wiener Mundart, 2nd edition, ÖBV & HPT

Estonian

Noun

und

1. partitive singular of uni

German

Alternative forms

• unnd, unnt, unt, vnd, vnnd, vnnt, vnt (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle High German unde, from Old High German unti, from Proto-Germanic *andi *anþi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti. Compare Dutch en, English and, Danish end.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʊnt/, [(ʔ)ʊnt] (standard)
  • IPA^(key): /ən/, [n̩] (in numbers from 21 to 99, alternative de-facto standard)
  • IPA^(key): /ʊn/, [(ʔ)ʊn] (in other contexts, colloquial)

Conjunction

und

1. (co-ordinating) and

   Kaffee und Kuchen ― coffee and cake

   Ich kam, sah und siegte. ― I came, saw, and conquered.

   • 1904, Rudolf Eisler, Wörterbuch der philosophischen Begriffe, Berlin, volume 1, sub verbo Ich, page 446-457:

2. (colloquial) links two nouns, often a person and an activity, in rhetoric questions to express an opposition between them

Usage notes

• As seen in the second example, commas are never used before und in enumerations, even where some English style guides prescribe this.
• Commas are used before und (and oder) in complex sentences when a subclause intervenes. Compare:

• Commas are optional when und connects two complete sentences (i.e. when a full stop could be used instead of the conjunction):

Der Fischer fischt[,] und der Jäger jagt. ― The fisherman fishes and the hunter hunts.

Interjection

und

1. so?, now?, and?

Further reading

• “und” in Duden online
• “und” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• Friedrich Kluge (1883), “und”, in , John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891

Gothic

Romanization

und

1. Romanization of 𐌿𐌽𐌳

Hungarian

Alternative forms

• unjad

Etymology

un +‎ -d

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈund]
• Hyphenation: und
• Rhymes: -und
• Homophone: Und

Verb

und

1. second-person singular subjunctive present definite of un

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʏnt/

  Rhymes: -ʏnt

Etymology 1

From Old Norse und, from Proto-Germanic *wundō.

Noun

und f (genitive singular undar, nominative plural undir)

1. (poetic) wound

Declension

Synonyms

• (wound): sár

Etymology 2

Apocopated form of undir.

Preposition

und

1. (poetic) under

Old Norse

Etymology 1

Shortened form of undir

Preposition

und

1. under

Derived terms

• unz

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *wundō (“wound”).

Noun

und f (genitive undar, plural undir)

1. (poetic) wound

Declension

Related terms

• unda (“to wound”) (undaðr (“wounded”))

Descendants

• Icelandic: und
• Old Swedish: und
• Danish: vunde (influenced by Low German)

References

• “und”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Saxon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /und/

Preposition

und (with accusative)

1. until

Conjunction

und

1. until