turn

English Online Dictionary. What means turn‎? What does turn mean?

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: tûrn, IPA^(key): /tɜːn/
• (General American) enPR: tûrn, IPA^(key): /tɜɹn/
• Homophones: tern, tarn
• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)n

Etymology 1

From Middle English turnen, from Old English turnian, tyrnan (“to turn, rotate, revolve”) and Old French torner (“to turn”), both from Latin tornāre (“to round off, turn in a lathe”), from tornus (“lathe”), from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos, “turning-lathe: a tool used for making circles”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, rub by turning, turn, twist, bore”). Cognate with Old English þrāwan (“to turn, twist, wind”), whence English throw. Displaced native Middle English wenden from Old English wendan (see wend), and Middle English trenden from Old English trendan (see trend), among several other terms.

Verb

turn (third-person singular simple present turns, present participle turning, simple past and past participle turned or (obsolete) turnt)

1. To make a non-linear physical movement.
   1. (intransitive, of a body, person, etc) To move about an axis through itself.
   2. (transitive) To change the direction or orientation of, especially by rotation.
   3. (intransitive) To change one's direction of travel.
   4. (transitive) To shape (something) symmetrically by rotating it against a stationary cutting tool, as on a lathe.

   5. (by extension) To give form to; to shape or mould; to adapt.
   6. (transitive) To direct or impel (something) into a place.

   7. (transitive) To position (something) by folding it, or using its folds.

   8. (transitive, figuratively) To navigate through a book or other printed material.

   9. (transitive) To twist or sprain.

   10. (transitive, cricket) Of a bowler, to make (the ball) move sideways off the pitch when it bounces.
   11. (intransitive, cricket) Of a ball, to move sideways off the pitch when it bounces.
2. (intransitive or transitive) To change condition or attitude.
   2. (copulative) To become (begin to be).

      Synonyms: grow, get, go, wax
   3. (intransitive) To change the color of the leaves in the autumn.

   4. To change fundamentally; to metamorphose.
      1. (intransitive) To sour or spoil; to go bad.

      2. (transitive) To make acid or sour; to ferment; to curdle.

      3. (transitive, fantasy) To change (a person) into a vampire, werewolf, zombie, etc.
      4. (intransitive, fantasy) To transform into a vampire, werewolf, zombie, etc.

      5. (transitive, slang, sometimes offensive) To change the sexual orientation or gender of another person, or otherwise awaken a sexual preference.
   5. To reach a certain age.

   6. To hinge; to depend.
   7. To rebel; to go against something formerly tolerated.
   8. To change personal condition.
      1. (professional wrestling) To change personalities, such as from being a face (good guy) to heel (bad guy) or vice versa.
      2. (ambitransitive) To make or become giddy; said of the head or brain.
      3. To sicken; to nauseate.

      4. To be nauseated; said of the stomach.
3. (reflexive) To change one's course of action; to take a new approach.
4. (transitive, usually with over) To complete.

5. (transitive) To make (money); turn a profit.

6. (transitive, soccer) Of a player, to go past an opposition player with the ball in one's control.
7. To undergo the process of turning on a lathe.

8. (obstetrics) To bring down the feet of a child in the womb, in order to facilitate delivery.
9. (printing, dated) To invert a type of the same thickness, as a temporary substitute for any sort which is exhausted.
10. (archaic) To translate.
11. (transitive, roleplaying games) To magically or divinely repel undead.

Conjugation

Synonyms

• (move around an axis through itself): rotate, spin, twirl
• (change the direction or orientation of): rotate
• (change one's direction of travel): steer, swerve, tack
• (nautical)
• (position (something) by folding it back on itself):
• (become): become, get, go
• (rebel): rebel, revolt
• (shape on a lathe): lathe
• (go bad): go bad, go off, sour, spoil
• (complete): complete

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Partly from Anglo-Norman *torn, from Latin tornus, from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos), and partly an action noun from the verb turn.

Noun

turn (plural turns)

1. A change of direction or orientation.
2. A movement of an object about its own axis in one direction that continues until the object returns to its initial orientation.
   2. (geometry) A unit of plane angle measurement based on this movement.
3. A walk to and fro.

   Synonym: promenade

4. A chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others.
5. A spell of work, especially the time allotted to a person in a rota or schedule.

6. One's chance to make a move in a game having two or more players.
7. A figure in music, often denoted ~, consisting of the note above the one indicated, the note itself, the note below the one indicated, and the note itself again.
8. The time required to complete a project.

   Synonym: turnaround

9. A fit or a period of giddiness.
10. A change in temperament or circumstance.

11. (cricket) A sideways movement of the ball when it bounces (caused by rotation in flight).
12. (poker) The fourth communal card in Texas hold 'em.
13. (poker, obsolete) The flop (the first three community cards) in Texas hold 'em.
14. A deed done to another; an act of kindness or malice.

15. A single loop of a coil.
16. (rope) A pass behind or through an object.
17. Character; personality; nature.
18. (soccer) An instance of going past an opposition player with the ball in one's control.
19. (circus, theater, especially physical comedy) A short skit, act, or routine.
20. (printing, dated) A type turned upside down to serve for another character that is not available.
21. (UK, finance, historical) The profit made by a stockjobber, being the difference between the buying and selling prices.

Synonyms

• (change of direction or orientation):
• (movement about an axis returning to the original orientation): 360° turn, complete rotation, complete turn, full rotation, full turn
• (single loop of a coil): loop
• (chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others): go
• (one's chance to make a move in a game): go, move
• (figure in music):
• (time required to complete a project):
• (fit or period of giddiness): dizziness, dizzy spell, giddiness
• (change in temperament or circumstance): change, swing
• (sideways movement of a cricket ball):

Derived terms

• See also turning

Related terms

Descendants

• → Japanese: ターン (tān)

Translations

See also

• Appendix:Parts of the knot
• ornament
• trill

Anagrams

• runt

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from English turn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtøːn/, [ˈt̪ø̞ːn]
• Rhymes: -øːn

Noun

turn

1. (poker) turn (fourth communal card in Texas hold'em)

Declension

Synonyms

• neljäs avokortti

Icelandic

Etymology

From Latin turris (“tower”). Cognate with Danish tårn and German Turm. First appears in the 12th or 13th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʰʏ(r)t⁽ʰ⁾n/
• Rhymes: -ʏrtn

Noun

turn m (genitive singular turns, nominative plural turnar)

1. tower

Declension

Middle High German

Alternative forms

• turm, tuorn, torn, torm

Etymology

From Old High German turn, borrowed from Old French tor, from Latin turris, borrowed from Ancient Greek τύρσις (túrsis).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (before 13^th CE) /ˈtʊrn/

Noun

turn m

1. tower

Declension

Descendants

• Alemannic German: Durm, Tuure
• Bavarian: Tuam
• Central Franconian:
  • Hunsrik: Torrem
  • Luxembourgish: Tur
• German: Turm (see there for further descendants)
• Yiddish: טורעם (turem)
• → Polish: turma

References

• Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “turn”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
• "turn" in Köbler, Gerhard, Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch (3rd edition 2014)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From the verb turne; compare with German Turnen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʉːɳ/
• Rhymes: -ʉːɳ

Noun

turn m (indeclinable) (uncountable)

1. gymnastics (an athletic discipline)

Related terms

• gymnastikk
• turner

References

• “turn” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From the verb turne.

Noun

turn m (uncountable)

1. gymnastics (an athletic discipline)

Related terms

• gymnastikk

References

• “turn” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old High German

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French tor, from Latin turris, borrowed from Ancient Greek τύρσις (túrsis).

Noun

turn m

1. tower

Declension

Descendants

• Middle High German: turn, turm, tuorn, torn, torm
  • Alemannic German: Durm, Tuure
  • Bavarian: Tuam
  • Central Franconian:
    • Hunsrik: Torrem
    • Luxembourgish: Tur
  • German: Turm (see there for further descendants)
  • Yiddish: טורעם (turem)
  • → Polish: turma

References

• "turn" in Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch (6th edition 2014)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Turm, from Latin turrem, accusative form of turris.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /turn/

Noun

turn n (plural turnuri)

1. tower
2. (chess) rook

   Synonym: tură

Declension

See also