to

English Online Dictionary. What means to‎? What does to mean?

Translingual

Symbol

to

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Tongan.

English

Alternative forms

• (dialectal) ter
• (contraction) t'
• (abbreviation) 2

Etymology 1

From Middle English to, from Old English tō, from Proto-Germanic *tō ~ *ta, from Proto-Indo-European *de ~ *do (“to”). Cognate with Scots tae, to (“to”), North Frisian to, tö, tu (“to”), Saterland Frisian tou (“to”), Low German to (“to”), Dutch toe, te (“to”), German zu (“to”), West Frisian ta (“to”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian ndaj (“towards”), Irish do (“to, for”), Breton da (“to, for”), Welsh i (“to, for”), Russian до (do, “to”). Doublet of too.

Pronunciation

Stressed

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: to͞o, IPA^(key): /tuː/, [tʰu̟ː]
• (General American) enPR: to͞o IPA^(key): /tu/, [tʰu̟]
• (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA^(key): /tʉː/, [tʰʉː]
• Homophones: too, two
• Rhymes: -uː

Unstressed

• (before a consonant) IPA^(key): /tə/
• (US, after a vowel) IPA^(key): [ɾə]
• (before a vowel) IPA^(key): /tʊ/
• (US, after a vowel) IPA^(key): [ɾʊ]

Particle

to

1. A particle used for marking the following verb as an infinitive.
2. As above, with the verb implied.

3. Used to indicate an obligation on the part of, or a directive given to, the subject.

4. (expressing purpose) In order to.

Derived terms

Translations

Preposition

to

1. Indicating destination: In the direction of, so as to arrive at.
2. Used to indicate the target or recipient of an action.

3. Used to indicate result of action.

4. Used to indicate a resulting feeling or emotion.

5. Used after an adjective to indicate its application.

6. Denotes the end of a range.

7. (obsolete) As a.

   With God to friend (with God as a friend);   with The Devil to fiend (with the Devil as a foe);   lambs slaughtered to lake (lambs slaughtered as a sacrifice);   took her to wife (took her as a wife);   was sold to slave (was sold as a slave).

8. Used to indicate a ratio or comparison; compared to, as against.

   one to one = 1:1

   ten to one = 10:1.

   I have ten dollars to your four.
9. (arithmetic) Used to indicate that the preceding term is to be raised to the power of the following value; indicates exponentiation.

10. (time) Preceding the next hour.

    What's the time? – It's quarter to four in the afternoon (or 3:45 pm).

    Antonym: past

    1. (informal) Often used without the hour

       It’s quarter to (3:45, or 4:45, or whatever time ending in 45 would make the most sense)

11. Used to describe what something consists of or contains.

12. According to.

13. (Canada, Cornwall (UK), Newfoundland, Wales, West Midlands (UK)) At.
    • 1867, Cornish Tales, in prose and verse by various authors (page 33)

      "What's that to you?" said Trevool, rather sharply, "worn't I to a berrin? […]

Usage notes

In the sense of "as a", it is a fossil word (Standard English only), found usually only in obsolete set phrases like: "to take a woman to wife", "to have someone to friend", "to have something to birthright" etc. In northern dialects, where it is rare but still in common use, it is often used in combination with with.

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• at

Adverb

to (not comparable)

1. (regionalism) Toward a closed, touching or engaging position.

   Synonyms: closed, shut

   Antonyms: open, ajar
2. (nautical) Into the wind.
3. Misspelling of too.

Usage notes

The sense "toward a closed, touching or engaging position" is a regionalism found in various parts of the UK and US.

Translations

See also

• come to
• heave to
• here's to
• lean-to
• set-to
• to and fro

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:to.

Etymology 2

From Hindi तो (to).

Pronunciation

• (India) IPA^(key): /toː/, [ʈoː]

Particle

to

1. (mild intensifier, colloquial, chiefly North India) a filler word common amongst urban Indians.

References

• Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8

Anagrams

• OT, ot-

Abinomn

Noun

to

1. sago (tree)

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin tuus.

Adjective

to (epicene, plural tos)

1. your

Related terms

• tuyu

Babine-Witsuwit'en

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

to

1. water

References

• Sharon Hargus, Wisuwit’en Grammar: Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology (2007), page 43

Babuza

Noun

to

1. water

References

• Naoyoshi Ogawa, English-Favorlang vocabulary (2003)
• S. Tsuchida, A Comparative Vocabulary of Austronesian Languages of Sinicized Ethnic Groups in Taiwan, Part I: Western Taiwan, Memoirs of the Faculty of Letters, No. 7 (1982)

Bahnar

Etymology

From Proto-Bahnaric *tɔʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *tɔʔ. Cognates include Vietnamese đó, Khmer ដ៏ (dɑɑ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔː/

Pronoun

to

1. that, there

Bambara

Noun

to

1. stiff porridge

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tonus, from Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos). First attested in 1575.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈtɔ]

Noun

to m (plural tons)

1. (music) tone (specific pitch)
2. (linguistics) tone (pitch of a word)
3. tone or shade of a color

Derived terms

• entonar
• semitò

References

Further reading

• “to” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “to” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “to” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech to.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈto]

Pronoun

to n

1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of ten: it, this, that

Further reading

• “to”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “to”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “to”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin tuus. Compare Italian tuo, Romanian tău, Friulian to, French ton, Spanish tu.

Pronoun

to m (feminine toa)

1. your; second-person masculine singular possessive pronoun

See also

• mi
• nuester
• vestro

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse tveir, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”).

The modern Danish form is a merger of the original East Old Norse accusative masculine twā and the nominative/accusative feminine twāʀ (West tvær). The neuter tū (West tvau) is preserved in the adverb itu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtˢoˀ]

Numeral

to

1. two

Etymology 2

From Old Norse þvá (“wash”), from Proto-Germanic *þwahaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtˢoˀ]

Verb

to (imperative to, infinitive at to, present tense tor, past tense toede, perfect tense har toet)

1. (dated) wash

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [to]
• Hyphenation: to

Noun

to (accusative singular to-on, plural to-oj, accusative plural to-ojn)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) litero; a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo

Ewe

Noun

to

1. antelope
2. (anatomy) ear
3. father-in-law
4. mortar
5. mountain

Verb

to

1. to crush
2. to pound

Finnish

Etymology

Abbreviation of torstai ("Thursday").

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈto/, [ˈt̪o̞]
• Rhymes: -o
• Hyphenation^(key): to

Noun

to

1. Thu (abbreviation of Thursday)

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin tuus.

Pronoun

to (second-person singular possessive of masculine singular, of feminine singular tô, of masculine plural tiei, of feminine plural tôs)

1. (used attributively) your, thy; of yours, of thine

   che al sedi santifiât il to nom, che al vegni il to ream, — "Your kingdom come, your will be done," (third and fourth sentences of Lord's Prayer)

2. (used predicatively) yours, thine
3. (used substantively) yours, thine; the thing belonging to you/ thee

See also

• lôr
• gno
• nestri
• so
• vuestri

Fula

Preposition

to

1. in, at, to

References

• Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.

Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔː]

Interjection

to

1. interjection used to call dogs or cattle

References

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “to”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “to”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “to”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Garifuna

Article

to

1. feminine definite article

   Mutu to ― The woman

Antonyms

• le

Gonja

Noun

to

1. language

References

• Mary E. Kropp Dakubu, The Languages of Ghana

Gun

Etymology 1

Cognates include Fon tò, Saxwe Gbe otò, Adja eto

Alternative forms

• òtò, otò

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tò/

Noun

tò (plural tò lɛ́ or tò lẹ́)

1. city, village, town, country

   Ùn ná yì ná tò cé / N ná yì ná tò ṣié ― I will go to my country

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Cognates include Fon tò

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tò/

Particle

tò

1. A present progressive or habitual tense marker, only used before nouns.

   Synonyms: nɔ̀, nọ̀

   Nyɛ́ tò hàn jì / Yẹ́n tò hàn jì ― I am singing

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tò/

Preposition

tò

1. in, at

Etymology 4

Cognates include Fon tò, Adja tò. Compare Yoruba tò, Ifè tò

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tò/

Verb

tò

1. to arrange, manage, organise

Etymology 5

From Proto-Gbe *-tó. Cognates include Fon tó, Saxwe Gbe otó, Adja eto, Ewe eto

Alternative forms

• òtó, otó

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tó/

Noun

tó (plural tó lɛ́ or tó lẹ́)

1. ear

Derived terms

Hupa

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /to(ː)/

Noun

to

1. a body of water, such as a lake or ocean

References

• The Phonology of the Hupa Language, part 1: The Individual Sounds, volume 5, by Roland Burrage Dixon, Samuel Alfred Barrett, Washington Matthews, Bill Ray (using the older orthography "tō")
• Victor Golla, Hupa Language Dictionary Second Edition (1996), page 105 (to)

Ido

Pronoun

to

1. Alternative form of ito (“that”)

Itene

Noun

to

1. eye

References

• Čestmír Loukotka, ‎Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 162

Japanese

Romanization

to

1. The hiragana syllable と (to) or the katakana syllable ト (to) in Hepburn romanization.

Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *to.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ/
• Rhymes: -ɔ
• Syllabification: to

Pronoun

to

1. relative and interrogative pronoun; this, that

Further reading

• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “to”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[4]

Kituba

Conjunction

to

1. or

Kongo

Conjunction

to

1. or

Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai

Alternative forms

• tū

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

to

1. water

References

• Franz Boas, Pline Early Goddard, Vocabulary of an Athapascan dialect of the State of Washington, IJAL volume III, pages 39-45 (1924-1925)

Lashi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔ/

Verb

to

1. to make something go up

References

• Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎^[5], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

Latvian

Pronoun

to

1. that; accusative singular masculine of tas
2. with that; instrumental singular masculine of tas
3. of that; genitive plural masculine of tas
4. that; accusative singular feminine of tas
5. with that; instrumental singular feminine of tas
6. of that; genitive plural feminine of tas

Lithuanian

Pronoun

to

1. that; genitive singular masculine of tas

Louisiana Creole

Etymology

Inherited from French tu (“you, thou”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /to/
• Rhymes: -o
• Homophone: tô

Pronoun

to (second person informal singular, plural vouzòt, ouzòt, zòt, zo, objective twa, possessive determiner tô, possessive pronoun tokin, tochin)

1. you (singular), thou

   To té paʼlé gra. / To te pale gra.

   You spoke with an accent. (literally: "You had spoken thick.")

Derived terms

• (prevocalic) t'

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tɔ]

Pronoun

to n

1. this

Determiner

to

1. nominative neuter singular of ten
2. accusative neuter singular of ten

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

From French tu.

Pronoun

to (objective twa, formal ou)

1. you (second-person singular nominative personal pronoun)

See also

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English tā, tāhe, from Proto-West Germanic *taihā, from Proto-Germanic *taihwǭ (“toe”).

Alternative forms

• toe, towe, two, tho, teie; ta (northern); toa (Early Middle English)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔː/
• (Northern) IPA^(key): /taː/

Noun

to (plural tos or ton)

1. (anatomy) toe

Related terms

• mistelto

Descendants

• English: toe
• Scots: tae
• Yola: toan (plural)

References

• “tō, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English tō, ta, te, from Proto-Germanic *tō, *ta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toː/
• (unstressed) IPA^(key): /tu/, /tɔ/

Particle

to

1. to (infinitive marker)

Alternative forms

• ta, ti, tu, tho, thu; te (Early Middle English); t (prevocalic)

Descendants

• English: to
• Scots: tae

References

• “tọ̄̆, verbal part.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Preposition

to

1. to

Alternative forms

• ta, ti, tu, tho, thu; te (Early Middle English); t (prevocalic)

Descendants

• English: to
• Scots: tae
• Yola: ta, to, t'

References

• “tọ̄̆, prep.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Adverb

to

1. to

Alternative forms

• two

Descendants

• English: to
• Scots: tae

References

• “tọ̄, adv.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Adverb

to

1. too

Alternative forms

• two; ta (northern West Midlands)

Descendants

• English: too
• Scots: tae
• Yola: too

References

• “tọ̄, adv.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Conjunction

to

1. until
2. while
3. so that

References

• “tọ̄̆, conj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

Shortening of tone.

Pronoun

to

1. the one (of two)

Alternative forms

• two; ta (northern)

Mohawk

Particle

to

1. Alternative form of tó:

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse tvá, accusative case of tveir, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuː/

Numeral

to

1. two

Derived terms

References

• “to” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• tvo, tvei, tvaug, tvau, tvær, tver, tu, tvu (two, non-standard or Høgnorsk gender-depending)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuː/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse tvá, accusative case of tveir, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

Numeral

to

1. two

Derived terms

• toar
• todelt
• todimensjonal
• tospråkleg
• toåring

Etymology 2

From Old Norse tó n.

Noun

to n (definite singular toet, indefinite plural to, definite plural toa)

1. fabric
2. (figurative, by extension) ability, nature

Etymology 3

From Old Norse tó f.

Noun

to f (definite singular toa, indefinite plural tør, definite plural tørne)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {}.

References

• “to” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• ot

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *to.

Pronoun

to

1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of ten: it, this, that

Descendants

• Czech: to

References

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “to”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old English

Alternative forms

• ti — Northumbrian

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *tō, from Proto-Germanic *tō, *ta (“to”), from Proto-Indo-European *de, *do (“to”). Cognate with Old Saxon tō (“to”), Old High German zuo (“to”), Old Irish do.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toː/

Preposition

tō

1. to, into
2. towards
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"

3. at
4. (grammar) used to mark the infinitive (supine) of the verb

   tō drīfenne ― to drive

5. as (In the role of)

   iċ wyrċe tō īsensmiðe ― I work as an ironsmith

   þā nam iċ hīe tō wīfe ― then I took her as a wife

   tō bōte ― to boot (literally: as an improvement, thus in addition)

   • Blickling Homilies, "The Dedication of St. Michael's Church"

Adverb

tō

1. besides
2. in addition, also, too; moreover
3. to an excessive degree; too

Descendants

• Middle English: to
  • English: to, too
  • Geordie English: te, tiv
  • Scots: tae

Old High German

Preposition

to

1. Alternative form of zuo

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *to. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /tɔ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /tɔ/

Particle

to

1. intensifying particle

Pronoun

to

1. relative and interrogative pronoun; this, that
2. possessive pronoun
3. indeterminate pronoun; this, that
4. introduction pronoun; this

Conjunction

to

1. then (in that case, used in if constructions)
2. clarifies a statement; namely
3. resultative conjunction; so
4. secondary clause equivalent in superordinate clauses

Descendants

• Polish: to
• Silesian: to

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “to”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• tuo, thuo, te, ti

Etymology

Proto-Germanic *tō, whence also Old English ti and Old High German zuo

Preposition

tō

1. to

Descendants

• Middle Low German: tô
  • Low German: to
• ⇒ Old Saxon: tōtō, tōte
  • Middle Low German: tôte, tote, tôt, tot

Plautdietsch

Preposition

to

1. to

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish to. Cognate with Czech to, Russian то (to), Ancient Greek τό (tó), German das, dass, English that.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ/
• Rhymes: -ɔ
• Syllabification: to

Conjunction

to

1. used to attribute to the known object a characteristic that helps one know more about the topic; may optionally be followed by jest [with nominative]

   Janek to mój brat. ― Janek is my brother.

   Górnicy to jest takie specyficzne społeczeństwo. ― Miners are such a peculiar society.

2. used to juxtapose elements that are equivalent

   Chcieć to móc. ― Where there's a will there's a way. (literally, “To want is to be able to.”)

   Ciekawość to pierwszy stopień do piekła. ― Curiosity killed the cat. (literally, “Curiosity is the first step to hell.”)

3. used to indicate that the subject of the conversation has peculiarities which are familiar to the interlocutors, so that nothing else needs to be said about it in order to understand the topic

   Nasze straty są minimalne, ale bez śmierci się nie obejdzie. Wojna to wojna. ― Our losses are minimal but some casualties are inevitable. War is war.

   No, ale rozkaz to rozkaz. Nie mnie podważać. ― Well, but an order is an order. Not for me to question.

4. in that case, then (used in if-constructions)

   Coordinate term: jeśli

   „Wiem, co chcę zrobić.” „To to zrób”. ― “I know what I want to do.” “Then do it.”

   Jeśli to zrobisz, to daj mi znać. ― If you do this, then let me know.

   „Jeżeli zbuduję sobie kiedyś własny dom, to właśnie taki” – myślałam. ― “If I ever build my own house one day, this is the one,” I thought.

Derived terms

Particle

to

1. used to indicate what one is talking about

   Parę razy mi się udało. Z jedną to nawet bardzo. ― I have succeeded a couple of times. With one it was even very successful.

2. used to indicate what can be said about the topic, in contrast to all that cannot be said about it

   W tych ścianach to ona była królową i musiała mieć królewskie wejście. ― Within these walls, it was her who was the queen and had to have a royal entrance.

3. so (used after a pause for thought to introduce a new topic, question, or story, or a new thought or question in continuation of an existing topic)

   Synonym: a

   No to kiedy zaczynamy? ― So when are we starting?

   OK, to do zobaczenia. ― OK, see you then.

4. used to indicate that the topic in the relevant question refers to a known set of elements from which a choice has to be made

   Synonym: też

   Od kiedy to morderstwo jest takim ewenementem? ― Since when is murder such a rarity?

   Komu to przypadło dzisiaj kucharzowanie? ― Who is cooking today?

5. used to express surprise that something is indeed like that as the speaker did not think it could really be so

   Synonyms: ale, co za, jaki

   A to zdolniacha z wuja! ― Uncle really is gifted!

   No, tośmy wczoraj mieli niezły bal! ― Well, we had quite a party yesterday!

6. (literary) used to indicate that the topic refers to a known object, mentioned in the preceding statement

   O Czechosłowacji po roku 1968 dochodziły do nas ponure wiadomości, dlatego to starałem się przejechać ten kraj jak najszybciej mimo zmęczenia. ― There was grim news about Czechoslovakia after 1968, which is why I tried to cross the country as quickly as possible despite my fatigue.

7. (colloquial) used to indicate that what someone has said about the topic is a fait accompli and should no longer be discussed

   Spróbuj zaakceptować jego wady. Nikt nie jest kryształowy. Pali to pali, widziały gały co brały. ― Try to accept his flaws. No one is perfect. OK, he smokes, so what? Big deal, you should've thought about it earlier.

Pronoun

to n

1. this (nearby, neuter)

   Antonym: tamto

   Inna rzecz, że nikt nie zwracał na niego szczególnej uwagi; to go dziwiło. ― The other thing was that no one paid any particular attention to him; this surprised him.

2. used to point to the object to which the sentence refers

   Synonym: oto

   Ewa, to Andrzej. ― Ewa, this is Andrzej.

Declension

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), to is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 655 times in scientific texts, 307 times in news, 880 times in essays, 1038 times in fiction, and 2233 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 5113 times, making it the 11th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

Further reading

• to in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• to in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “TO I”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 09.07.2008
• “TO II”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 09.07.2008
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “to”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “to”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “to”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 72

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: to

Contraction

to (feminine ta)

1. Contraction of te o.

Selepet

Noun

to

1. water

References

• K. A. McElhanon, Selepet grammar (1972)
• William A. Foley, The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, →ISBN, page 257

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tôː/

Pronoun

tȏ (Cyrillic spelling то̑)

1. neuter nominative singular of taj
2. neuter accusative singular of taj

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish to.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ/
• Rhymes: -ɔ
• Syllabification: to

Pronoun

to n

1. this (nearby, neuter)
2. used to point to the object to which the sentence refers

Particle

to

1. intensifier particle in questions

Conjunction

to

1. in that case, then (used in if-constructions)

Further reading

• to in silling.org

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *to.

Pronoun

to

1. nominative/accusative neuter singular of ten: it, this, that

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tóː/

Pronoun

tọ̑

1. inflection of ta:
   1. accusative singular feminine
   2. nominative/accusative singular neuter

Tocharian B

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂ōn, from the root *dʰewh₂-.

Noun

to m

1. (detatchable) body hair on the human body (especially pubic hair)

Tooro

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tòó.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /to/

Adjective

-to (declinable)

1. young

   Synonym: -hyaka (“new”)

   Antonym: -kuru (“old, senior”)

Declension

References

1. Entry 7185 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3
2. Kaji, Shigeki (2007) A Rutooro Vocabulary‎^[7], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 373

Tututni

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

to

1. (Euchre Creek) water

References

• Victor Golla, Tututni (Oregon Athapaskan), International Journal of American Linguistics, volume 42:3 (July 1976), pages 217-227

Uzbek

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic طَاء (ṭāʔ).

Noun

to (plural tolar)

1. the Arabic letter ط

Declension

* Note: The type of possessive is not specified.

Vietnamese

Etymology

Compare Thai โต (dtoo), Lao ໂຕ (tō), Lü ᦷᦎ (ṫo).

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tɔ˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [tɔ˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [tɔ˧˧]

Adjective

to • (蘇, 𡚢, 𫰅, 𡚡)

1. big, large

   Antonyms: nhỏ, bé

2. great, considerable
3. loud

Usage notes

• In many situations, this word and lớn are interchangeable:

  nhà to mà chẳng ai ở ― a big house where no one lives in

  căn nhà lớn trên đỉnh đồi ― a big house on top of the hill

• However, for body parts, it seems like only to is used:

  tai to ― big ears

See also

• lớn; bự

Votic

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian то (to).

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈto/, [ˈto]
• Rhymes: -o
• Hyphenation: to

Conjunction

to

1. (if ...) then
2. or else

References

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “to”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *toɣ (“covering”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toː/
• Rhymes: -oː

Noun

to m (plural toeau or toeon)

1. roof

   Synonym: pen tŷ

Derived terms

• adar y to (“house sparrows”)
• gwallt to (“combover”)
• rhoi'r ffidil yn y to (“to give up”, literally “to put the fiddle in the roof”)
• to bach (“circumflex”)
• to gwellt (“thatched roof”)
• toi (“to roof, to tile, to thatch”)

Mutation

Yola

Preposition

to

1. Alternative form of ta

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 31

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tò/

Verb

tò

1. (transitive) to arrange, to line up
2. (transitive) to order, to put things in order
3. (intransitive) to become ordered, to become arranged

Usage notes

• to before a direct object

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tò/

Verb

tò

1. (Ekiti, Ondo) to talk incessantly; to gossip

   Synonym: rò

   Ẹjọ́ kúwe é tò ― What are you gossiping about? (literally, “What matter are you talking incessantly about”)

Usage notes

• to before a direct object

Derived terms

• tojọ́
• ètítò (“word”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tó/

Verb

tó

1. (intransitive) to be enough, to be worthy, to be sufficient, to amount to
2. (intransitive) to be comparable to

   gíga a rẹ̀ẹ́ tó erin ― His tallness is comparable to an elephant

Usage notes

• It is a common verb in Yoruba names affirming the worthiness of entities like the orisha. (Ex. Ògúntósìn (“A Yoruba name meaning, "Ogun is worthy of being worshipped."”)).

Derived terms

• tó bẹ́ẹ̀
• tóyìí

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tó/

Verb

tó

1. to reach up to

   ọwọ́ mi kò tó o ― My hand does not reach it

2. to be visible, to be comprehensible

Zazaki

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *túH, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Related to Persian تو (to).

Pronoun

to

1. (informal) you (sg., acc.)