ten

English Online Dictionary. What means ten‎? What does ten mean?

Translingual

Alternative forms

• Ten, TEN

Etymology

Borrowed from English ten.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛn/

Noun

ten

1. (international standards) NATO, ICAO, ITU & IMO radiotelephony code for 10, used only with o'clock to indicate direction

English

Etymology

From Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognate with Scots ten, tene (“ten”), West Frisian tsien (“ten”), Saterland Frisian tjoon (“ten”), North Frisian tiin (“ten”). See also teen.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: tĕn IPA^(key): /tɛn/, [tʰɛn]
• IPA^(key): /tɪn/ (pin–pen merger)
• Rhymes: -ɛn, (pin–pen merger) -ɪn
• Homophone: tin (pin–pen merger)

Numeral

ten

1. The number occurring after nine and before eleven, represented in Arabic numerals (base ten) as 10 and in Roman numerals as X.

Related terms

• tenth

Translations

Noun

ten (countable and uncountable, plural tens)

1. A set or group with ten elements.

2. (in the plural) An inexact quantity, typically understood to be between 20 and 100.

3. (countable, card games) A card in a given suit with a value of ten.
4. (countable) A denomination of currency, such as a banknote, with a value of ten units.

   Synonym: tenner

5. (countable, US, slang) A perfect specimen, (particularly) a physically attractive person.

   Synonym: dime piece
6. (countable, US, slang) A high level of intensity. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
7. (countable, rowing) The act of rowing ten strokes flat out.

Coordinate terms

• Previous: nine (9)
• Next: eleven (11)

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

• (prefix): deca-, deka-
• (adjective): decadal, decenary
• (a set of 10 items): decimate, decimal; decaplet, decuplet (of babies, musical notes, or baryons)
• (containing 10 items): decenary
• (related to base-10 numeration): See decimal
• (period of 10 months): decimestrial
• (period of 10 years): See decade and decennium
• (related to a 10-year period): See decadal and decennial
• (10-year anniversary): See decennial
• (rule by 10 people): See decemvirate
• (commander of 10 soldiers): See decener
• (chief of 10 men in early English law): See tithingman
• (payment or collection of a 10% tax): See tithe

Anagrams

• Net, net, ent, NET, -ent, .NET, ENT, Ent, ent-

Atong (India)

Etymology

From English ten.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ten/

Numeral

ten (Bengali script তেন)

1. ten

Synonyms

• chyigyk
• dys / das

References

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary. Stated in Appendix 2.

Bislama

Etymology

From English ten.

Numeral

ten

1. ten

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈten]
• Rhymes: -en

Verb

ten

1. second-person singular imperative of tenir
2. second-person singular imperative of tindre

Usage notes

Generally, the imperative form ten is a contextual form of té used when clitic pronouns (e.g., te) are attached to the end of the verb.

Cornish

Noun

ten

1. Hard mutation of den.
2. Mixed mutation of den.

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech ten, from Proto-Slavic *tъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɛn]

Pronoun

ten

1. the; this; that

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• “ten”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “ten”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “ten”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse teinn (“stick”).

Noun

ten

1. a spindle; a rod or stick used together with a distaff to spin yarn
2. in a spinning wheel or similar machine: the reel on which the finished yarn is spooled

Declension

Derived terms

• håndten (“manual spindle”)

Further reading

• “ten” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

A contraction of te + den. Compare German zum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Contraction

ten

1. to the, at the (followed by a masculine or neuter word)

   ten goede of ten kwade ― for better or for worse

   ten dele ― partly

   ten tijde van ― during the time of

Usage notes

ten is part of many fossilized idiomatic expressions. Being derived in part from te, it is followed by the (similarly fossilized) dative case.

ten is commonly used in Dutch family names such as Corrie ten Boom, Bernhard ten Brink, Marti ten Kate, and Simeon ten Holt.

Derived terms

Related terms

• ter

Anagrams

• ent, net

Galician

Alternative forms

• tem (Reintegrationist)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛŋ/

Verb

ten

1. has; third-person singular present indicative of ter

2. inflection of ter:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

References

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ten”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Japanese

Romanization

ten

1. Rōmaji transcription of てん
2. Rōmaji transcription of テン

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese ter.

Verb

ten

1. to have
2. to possess

Karaim

Etymology

From Ultimately from Middle Chinese 等 (MC tojX|tongX, “to equate”).

Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (teŋ, “equal, equivalent, appropriate”); Crimean Tatar teñ, Karachay-Balkar тенг (teñ), Kumyk тенг (teñ), Urum тэнг (teŋ), Kazakh тең (teñ, “equal”), Southern Altai теҥ (teŋ, “equal”) Uzbek teng (“equal”), Turkish denk (“equal, equivalent”), Shor тең, Yakut тэҥ (teñ, “equal”).

Adjective

ten

1. equal

References

• N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “ten”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛn/
• Rhymes: -ɛn
• Syllabification: ten

Pronoun

ten

1. this (nearby)

Further reading

• Stefan Ramułt (1893) “ten”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 213
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “ten”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[3]
• “ten”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Lithuanian

Adverb

ten

1. there

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tɛn]

Determiner

ten (feminine ta, neuter to, dual tej, plural te)

1. this

Declension

Middle Dutch

Contraction

ten

1. Contraction of te den.

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English tīen.

Alternative forms

• tene, tenne, tien

Pronunciation

• (Early Middle English) IPA^(key): /teːn/
• IPA^(key): /tɛn/
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Numeral

ten

1. ten

Related terms

• -tene
• tenthe, tithe
• -ty

Descendants

• English: ten
• Scots: ten
• Yola: dhen

References

• “ten, num.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English tēon, from Proto-West Germanic *teuhan (“to pull, lead”), from Proto-Germanic *teuhaną (“to draw, lead, bring, pull, help”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull, lead”).

Alternative forms

• teen, tene

Verb

ten (third-person singular simple present teth, present participle teende, teynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative tegh, past participle towen)

1. (transitive) To draw; lead.
2. (intransitive) To draw away; go; proceed.

Conjugation

Derived terms

• biteon
• forten

Etymology 3

From Old Norse tennr, nominative indefinite plural of tǫnn (“tooth”).

Noun

ten

1. plural of tothe

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Arabic طَعْن (ṭaʕn, “piercing, attack, criticism”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Noun

ten m or f

1. scolding, reproach, censure, blame, criticism, mockery, ridicule
2. threat

References

• Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “ten”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎^[4], with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 604

Old Czech

Alternative forms

• tet

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈtɛn/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈtɛn/

Pronoun

ten

1. this (nearby)

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

• Czech: ten

See also

References

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “ten”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old English

Alternative forms

• tēne, tȳn, tīen
• tȳn, tīen — West Saxon

Etymology

See tien

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /teːn/

Numeral

tēn

1. (Mercian) ten

References

1. A. L. Mayhew, M. A. Synopsis of Old English Phonology, 123

Old Polish

Alternative forms

• tet

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /tɛn/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /tɛn/

Pronoun

ten

1. this (nearby)

Declension

This pronoun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Polish: ten
• Silesian: tyn

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ten”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Old Tupi

Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɛ̃n]
• Rhymes: -ɛ̃n
• Hyphenation: ten

Particle

ten

1. (used with the verb 'e) to be firm, fixed, or snug (literally, “to make a "ten" sound”)

   Ten a'é. ― I am firm. (literally, “I make a "ten" sound.”)

   Ten aîmo'e. ― I firm it up. (literally, “I make it make a "ten" sound.”)

References

Pipil

Etymology

From Proto-Nahuan *teːn-, from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *tïni. Compare Classical Nahuatl tēntli (“lips”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): /teːŋ/
• (Izalco) IPA^(key): /teŋ/

Noun

-tēn (plural -tejtēn)

1. mouth

2. edge, brim

3. opening

Derived terms

Noun

-tēn

1. on the edge, outside

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish ten. Cognate with Russian тот (tot), Lithuanian tas, Ancient Greek ὁ (ho, “the”), German der (“the”), English the.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɛn
• Syllabification: ten

Pronoun

ten

1. this (nearby)

Usage notes

¹The feminine accusative singular form tą is proscribed, but overall much more common.

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

Particle

ten

1. filler word

   A no, ten... ― Ah, yeah...

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ten is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1196 times in scientific texts, 782 times in news, 1457 times in essays, 1080 times in fiction, and 1228 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 5743 times, making it the 10th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

Further reading

• ten in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ten in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “TEN”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2008 December 2
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ten”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ten”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “ten”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 42

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French teint.

Noun

ten n (plural tenuri)

1. color of the face

Declension

Scots

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

Numeral

ten

1. ten

References

• “ten, num.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, retrieved 7 June 2024, reproduced from William A[lexander] Craigie, A[dam] J[ack] Aitken [et al.], editors, A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue: […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1931–2002, →OCLC.
• “ten, num. adj.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, retrieved 7 June 2024, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъ, from Proto-Indo-European *só.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Pronoun

ten m

1. the; this; that

Declension

Related terms

• to

Further reading

• “ten”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈten/ [ˈt̪ẽn]
• Rhymes: -en
• Syllabification: ten

Verb

ten

1. second-person singular imperative of tener

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From English time.

Noun

ten

1. time

Sumerian

Romanization

ten

1. Romanization of 𒋼 (ten)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish ten, from Old Norse teinn (“sprout, twig, branch”).

Pronunciation

Noun

ten c

1. a thin metal rod
2. (spinning) the shaft of a spindle (in any material)

Declension

See also

• slända (“spindle”)
• sländtrissa (“spindle whorl”)
• tenn

References

• ten in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• ten in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• ten in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Tiang

Noun

ten

1. woman

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English ten.

Numeral

ten

1. ten

Usage notes

Used when counting; see also tenpela.

Coordinate terms

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish تن (ten), from Persian تن (tan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Noun

ten (definite accusative teni, plural tenler)

1. skin
2. body
3. (dialectal) vulva of a cow

Declension

References

• “ten”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1982