stock

English Online Dictionary. What means stock‎? What does stock mean?

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: stŏk, IPA^(key): /stɒk/
• (US) enPR: stäk, IPA^(key): /stɑk/
• Rhymes: -ɒk
• Homophones: stalk (cot–caught merger); stark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)

Etymology 1

From Middle English stok, from Old English stocc, from Proto-West Germanic *stokk, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz (“tree-trunk”), with modern senses mostly referring either to the trunk from which the tree grows (figuratively, its origin and/or support/foundation), or to a piece of wood, stick, or rod. The senses of "supply" and "raw material" arose from a probable conflation with steck (“an item of goods, merchandise”) or the use of split tally sticks consisting of foil or counterfoil and stock to capture paid taxes, debts or exchanges. Doublet of chock.

Noun

stock (countable and uncountable, plural stocks or (obsolete) stocken)

2. A store or supply.
   • 1899, William George Aston, "Preface", in A History of Japanese Literature

     The Italian adage is particularly applicable to translators from the Japanese. Even when they have a competent knowledge of the language they cannot possibly reproduce all the metaphors, allusions, quotations, and illustrations which form the stock of the Japanese author, and which are in great part unintelligible without a profusion of explanatory notes intolerable to the reader.

   2. (operations) A store of goods ready for sale; inventory.

      Hyponyms: new old stock < deadstock

   4. A supply of anything, stored until used; especially, such a supply that is ready for use.

   6. Railroad rolling stock.

   8. (card games, in a card game) A stack of undealt cards made available to the players.
   10. Farm or ranch animals; livestock.
   12. The population of a given type of animal (especially fish) available to be captured from the wild for economic use.

4. (finance) The capital raised by a company through the issue of shares; the total of shares held by an individual shareholder.
   2. The price or value of the stock of a company on the stock market.

   4. (especially US) A share in a company.
   6. (figurative) The measure of how highly a person or institution is valued.

      Synonym: reputation
   8. Any of several types of security that are similar to a stock, or marketed like one.
6. The raw material from which things are made, such as feedstock.
   2. (cooking, uncountable, countable) Broth made from meat (originally bones) or vegetables, used as a basis for stew or soup.

   4. The type of paper used in printing.

   6. Ellipsis of film stock.
   8. Plain soap before it is coloured and perfumed.
8. Stock theater, summer stock theater.
10. The trunk and woody main stems or limbs of a tree; the base from which something grows or branches.
    2. (horticulture) The plant upon which the scion is grafted.

       Coordinate term: scion
    4. (by extension) Lineage; family; ancestry.
       2. (linguistics) A larger grouping of language families: a superfamily or macrofamily.
12. Any of the several species of cruciferous flowers in the genus Matthiola.
14. A handle or stem to which the working part of an implement or weapon is attached.
    2. (firearms) The part of a rifle or shotgun that rests against the shooter's shoulder.
    4. The handle of a whip, fishing rod, etc.
16. Part of a machine that supports items or holds them in place.
    2. The headstock of a lathe, drill, etc.
    4. The tailstock of a lathe.
17. A bar, stick, or rod.
    1. A ski pole.
    2. (nautical) A bar going through an anchor, perpendicular to the flukes.
    3. (nautical) The axle attached to the rudder, which transfers the movement of the helm to the rudder.
    4. (geology) A pipe (vertical cylinder of ore)
18. A type of (now formal or official) neckwear.
    1. A necktie or cravat, particularly a wide necktie popular in the eighteenth century, often seen today as a part of formal wear for horse riding competitions.
    2. A piece of black cloth worn under a clerical collar.
19. A bed for infants; a crib, cot, or cradle
20. (folklore) A piece of wood magically made to be just like a real baby and substituted for it by magical beings.
21. (obsolete) A cover for the legs; a stocking.
22. A block of wood; something fixed and solid; a pillar; a firm support; a post.
24. (by extension, obsolete) A person who is as dull and lifeless as a stock or post; one who has little sense.
25. (UK, historical) The longest part of a split tally stick formerly struck in the exchequer, which was delivered to the person who had lent the king money on account, as the evidence of indebtedness.
26. (shipbuilding, in the plural) The frame or timbers on which a ship rests during construction.
27. (UK, in the plural) Red and grey bricks, used for the exterior of walls and the front of buildings.
28. (biology) In tectology, an aggregate or colony of individuals, such as trees, chains of salpae, etc.
29. The beater of a fulling mill.

Synonyms

• (farm or ranch animals): livestock
• (railroad equipment): rolling stock
• (raw material): feedstock
• (paper for printing): card stock
• (plant used in grafting): rootstock, understock
• (axle attached to rudder): rudder stock, rudderstock
• (wide necktie): stock-tie

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Descendants

• → Dutch: stock
• → French: stock
  • → Romanian: stoc
  • → Turkish: stok
• → Italian: stock
• → Portuguese: estoque
• → Spanish: stock

Translations

Verb

stock (third-person singular simple present stocks, present participle stocking, simple past and past participle stocked)

1. To have on hand for sale.
2. To provide with material requisites; to store; to fill; to supply.
3. To allow (cows) to retain milk for twenty-four hours or more prior to sale.
4. To put in the stocks as punishment.
5. (nautical) To fit (an anchor) with a stock, or to fasten the stock firmly in place.
6. (card games, dated) To arrange cards in a certain manner for cheating purposes; to stack the deck.

Derived terms

Translations

Adjective

stock (not comparable)

1. Of a type normally available for purchase/in stock.

   stock items

   stock sizes

2. (motor racing, of a race car) Having the same configuration as cars sold to the non-racing public, or having been modified from such a car.
3. Straightforward, ordinary, just another, very basic.

Translations

See also

• DJIA
• foodstock

Etymology 2

From Italian stoccata.

Noun

stock (plural stocks)

1. A thrust with a rapier; a stoccado.

Anagrams

• 'tocks, tocks

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English stock.

Pronunciation

Noun

stock m (plural stocks, diminutive stockje n)

1. stock, goods in supply
2. basic capital
3. shares (equity)

Derived terms

• stockdividend n

References

• M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English stock.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stɔk/

Noun

stock m (plural stocks)

1. stock, goods in supply
2. stock, a reserve (generally)
3. Supply of (wild) fish available for commerce, stock

Derived terms

• en rupture de stock
• stocker
• stockage

Descendants

• → Romanian: stoc
• → Turkish: stok

Further reading

• “stock”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English stock.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɔk/
• Rhymes: -ɔk
• Hyphenation: stòck

Noun

stock

1. stock, goods in supply, inventory

References

Spanish

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English stock.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /esˈtok/ [esˈt̪ok]
  • Rhymes: -ok
• IPA^(key): /ˈstok/ [ˈst̪ok]
  • Rhymes: -ok

Noun

stock m (plural stocks)

1. stock, inventory

Usage notes

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Further reading

• “stock”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish stokker, from Old Norse stokkr, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz (“tree-trunk”).

Noun

stock c

1. a log (trunk of a dead tree)
2. a stock (of a gun)
3. (in some compounds) a thick (wooden) object
4. a pack of snus, usually ten, wrapped in plastic film or packed in a light cardboard box

   Synonyms: rulle, limpa

5. (historical) pillory (instrument of punishment)

Declension

Related terms

• ekstock
• stocka
• stockeld
• Stockholm
• stockning
• timmerstock

See also

• balk
• bjälke
• flottning
• stam
• stuga
• timmer
• virke

Further reading

• stock in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
• stock in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)