par

par

synonyms, antonyms, definitions, examples & translations of par in English

English Online Dictionary. What means par‎? What does par mean?

English

Etymology 1

Abbreviations

Noun

par

  1. Abbreviation of paragraph.
  2. Abbreviation of parenthesis.
  3. Abbreviation of parish.

Adjective

par

  1. Abbreviation of parallel.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French par (“through, by”), from Latin per (“through”). Doublet of per.

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /pɑː/
  • (US) IPA(key): /pɑɹ/, [pʰɑɹ], [pʰɑ˞]
  • Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
  • Homophones: pa (non-rhotic); pah (“Maori fort”) (non-rhotic), paw (non-rhotic, cot–caught merger, father-bother merger)

Preposition

par

  1. (in compounds) By; with.
Usage notes
  • Used frequently in Middle English in phrases taken from French, being sometimes written as a part of the word which it governs; as, par amour, or paramour; par cas, or parcase; par fay, or parfay.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Latin pār (“equal”).

Noun

par (countable and uncountable, plural pars)

  1. Equal value; equality of nominal and actual value; the value expressed on the face or in the words of a certificate of value, as a bond or other commercial paper.
  2. Equality of condition or circumstances.
  4. (golf, mostly uncountable) The allotted number of strokes to reach the hole.
  5. (golf, countable) A hole in which a player achieves par.
  6. (UK) An amount which is taken as an average or mean.
Coordinate terms

(golf score):

  • buzzard
  • bogey
  • birdie
  • eagle
  • albatross
  • condor
  • ostrich
Derived terms

Verb

par (third-person singular simple present pars, present participle parring, simple past and past participle parred)

  1. (transitive, golf) To reach the hole in the allotted number of strokes.

Etymology 4

Noun

par (plural pars)

  1. Alternative form of parr (“young salmon”)

Etymology 5

Borrowed from Jamaican Creole, itself from partner.

Verb

par (third-person singular simple present pars, present participle parring, simple past and past participle parred)

  1. (MLE, MTE) To associate, to chill, to hang.

See also

Anagrams

  • APR, ARP, Apr, Apr., Arp, PRA, RAP, RPA, Rap, apr, arp, rap

Ambonese Malay

Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese para.

Preposition

par

  1. for
  2. in order to
    par bali roko ― in order to buy tobacco

References

  • D. Takaria, C. Pieter (1998) Kamus Bahasa Melayu Ambon-Indonesia‎[5], Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa

Aromanian

Etymology 1

From Latin pāreō. Compare Daco-Romanian părea, par.

Alternative forms

  • paru, ampar, apar, aparu

Verb

par first-singular present indicative (past participle pãrutã)

  1. to seem, appear
Derived terms
  • pãreari / pãreare
  • pãrut
See also
  • undzescu

Etymology 2

From Latin pālus. Compare Daco-Romanian par.

Alternative forms

  • paru

Noun

par

  1. stake
Related terms
  • mpar

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin pār (“even, equal”). The sports usage is a English par.

Adjective

par m or f (masculine and feminine plural pars)

  1. (archaic) similar, equal
  2. (mathematics) even
    Synonym: parell
    Antonym: senar

Noun

par m (plural pars)

  1. (historical) peer
  2. (golf) par

Derived terms

  • a la par

Further reading

  • “par”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
  • “par” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
  • “par” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Chavacano

Etymology

Inherited from Spanish par (“pair”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpaɾ/, [ˈpaɾ]

Noun

par

  1. pair

Danish

Etymology 1

From late Old Danish par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin pār.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpʰɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ar

Noun

par n (singular definite parret, plural indefinite par)

  1. pair
  2. couple
Inflection

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English par.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpʰɑː]

Noun

par c

  1. (golf) par (the allotted number of strokes to reach the hole)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpʰɑˀ]

Verb

par

  1. imperative of parre

Faroese

Etymology

From late Old Norse par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin pār.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pʰɛaːɹ/
  • Rhymes: -ɛaːɹ

Noun

par n (genitive singular pars, plural pør)

  1. pair

Declension

Franco-Provençal

Etymology

From Latin par.

Adjective

par (feminine pare, masculine plural pars, feminine plural pares) (ORB, broad)

  1. even, equal

References

  • pair in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
  • par in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French par, from Old French par, from Latin per, from Proto-Indo-European *peri.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /paʁ/
  • Homophones: pars, part
  • Rhymes: -aʁ

Preposition

par

  1. through
    par la fenêtre ― through the window
    aller par le parc ― go through the park
  2. by (used to introduce a means; used to introduce an agent in a passive construction)
    voyager par train ― travel by train
    par surprise ― by surprise
    le bateau est attaqué par des pirates. ― the boat is [being] attacked by pirates.
  3. over (used to express direction)
    Viens par ici ! ― Come over here!
  4. from (used to describe the origin of something, especially a view or movement)
    voir par devant ― see from the back
    le liquide est arrivé par le robinet ― the liquid arrived from the tap
  5. around, round (inside of)
    par tout le cinéma ― all around the cinema
  6. on (situated on, used in certain phrases)
    par terre ― on the ground
  7. on, at, in (used to denote a time when something occurs)
    par un beau jour ― on a nice day
    par un soir ― in one evening
  8. in
    marcher par deux ― walk in twos
  9. per, a, an
    trois fois par semaine ― three times a week
  10. out of (used to describe the reason for something)
    par pure colère ― out of pure anger
    par tristesse ― out of sadness
  11. for

Derived terms

  • de par
  • par ici
  • par là
  • par-ci, par-là

Descendants

  • → English: par

Noun

par m (plural pars)

  1. (golf) par

Further reading

  • “par”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

  • rap

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin per.

Preposition

par

  1. for
  2. through
  3. by

Gabrielino-Fernandeño

Alternative forms

  • paar /paːr/, pa'r
  • paara'

Etymology

From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa.

Noun

par

  1. water

References

  • Kroeber, Shoshonean Dialects of California, in University of California Publications: American archaeology and ethnology, volume 4, page 81
  • HG

German

Determiner

par (invariable)

  1. Obsolete spelling of paar (“a few, couple”).

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pʰaːr/
  • Rhymes: -aːr

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German par, from Latin pār (“equal”).

Noun

par n (genitive singular pars, nominative plural pör)

  1. pair
  2. a couple, two people who are dating
  3. (poker) pair
Declension
Synonyms
  • (pair): tvenna

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English par.

Noun

par n (genitive singular pars, no plural)

  1. (golf) par
Declension

Indo-Portuguese

Etymology

From Portuguese para, from Old Galician-Portuguese pera, from Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

Preposition

par

  1. (Diu) to (indicates indirect object)
  2. (Diu) for (indicates subject of an infinitive)

Istriot

Etymology

From Latin per.

Preposition

par

  1. for
  2. through

Jamaican Creole

Etymology

Clipping of partner.

Verb

par

  1. To associate, to chill, to hang.

Kaqchikel

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *pahay.

Noun

par

  1. skunk

References

  • Brown, R. McKenna, Maxwell, Judith M., Little, Walter E. (2006) ¿La ütz awäch? Introduction to Kaqchikel Maya Language, Austin: University of Texas Press, page 237
  • Ruyán Canú, Déborah, Coyote Tum, Rafael, Munson L., Jo Ann (1991) Diccionario cakchiquel central y español‎[9] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano de Centroamérica, page 180

Latin

Etymology

Unclear. A traditional reconstruction is Proto-Indo-European *per(h₂)- (“to exchange”), comparing Ancient Greek πέρνημι (pérnēmi) etc. and Lithuanian pirkti; but this accounts badly for the /a(ː)/. De Vaan suggests *peh₂s- (“to watch (over), see?”), linking Latin pāreō. All possibilities nonetheless suffer semantic problems. Others refrain from assigning an Indo-European root.

Pronunciation

  • (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /paːr/, [päːr]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /par/, [pär]

Adjective

pār (genitive paris, comparative parior, superlative parissimus, adverb pariter); third-declension one-termination adjective

  1. even (of a number)
  2. equal
    Synonyms: aequus, aequālis, compār, adaequātus
    Antonyms: dispār, inaequālis, impār, inīquus
  3. like
  4. suitable

Declension

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

Noun

pār m or f (genitive paris); third declension

  1. companion, comrade, mate, spouse

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Noun

pār n (genitive paris); third declension

  1. pair, couple

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, “pure” i-stem).

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

  • aequus
  • similis

References

  • “par”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “par”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Latvian

Preposition

par (with accusative)

  1. about, on
  2. than
  3. for (price)
  4. as

Maltese

Etymology

Borrowed from Sicilian paru.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /paːr/

Noun

par m (plural pari)

  1. couple, pair

Derived terms

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French par.

Conjunction

par

  1. by (introduces an agent)

Descendants

  • French: par
    • → English: par

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From *p- + *ar-, cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬭𐬆- (yārə-, “year”), English year, all from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁r- (“year”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pɑːɾ/

Noun

par f

  1. share, part

Noun

par f

  1. last year

Adverb

par

  1. last year

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

par n (definite singular paret, indefinite plural par, definite plural para or parene)

  1. a pair
    et par sko ― a pair of shoes
  2. a couple
  3. a few (determiner)
    for et par dager siden ― a few days ago

Derived terms

  • brudepar
  • ektepar
  • kongepar
  • parvis

Noun

par n

  1. (golf, uncountable) par
    ett slag under par ― one stroke under par

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /paːr/, [pʰɐ̞ːr]

Etymology 1

From Old Norse par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin paria (“equals”), neuter plural of pār. Akin to English pair.

Noun

par n (definite singular paret, indefinite plural par, definite plural para)

  1. a pair
    eit par sko ― a pair of shoes
  2. a couple
  3. a few (determiner)
    for eit par dagar sidan ― a few days ago
Derived terms
  • brudepar
  • ektepar
  • kongepar
  • parvis

Etymology 2

From English par.

Noun

par n

  1. (golf, uncountable) par
    eitt slag under par ― one stroke under par

References

  • “par” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old French

Etymology

From Latin per.

Conjunction

par

  1. by; via (introduces a medium)
  2. because of; due to (introduces a medium)
  3. by
  4. by; through; across
  5. by (introduces an exclamation)
  6. in (at a location)

Descendants

  • Middle French: par
    • French: par
      • → English: par
  • Lorrain: poir
  • Picard: per

Phalura

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /par/

Adverb

par (Perso-Arabic spelling پر)

  1. suddenly

Alternative forms

  • pras

References

  • Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “par”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[10], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpar/
  • Rhymes: -ar
  • Syllabification: par

Noun

par

  1. genitive plural of para
  2. genitive plural of pary

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese par, from Latin pār (“equal, like”), from Proto-Indo-European *per (“exchange”).

Pronunciation

  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Hyphenation: par

Noun

par m (plural pares)

  1. pair
  2. partner
  3. couple
  4. peer
  5. (golf) par

Derived terms

  • grupo de pares

Adjective

par m or f (plural pares, not comparable)

  1. (mathematics) even
    Antonym: ímpar

Related terms

  • díspar
  • ímpar
  • paridade

Romagnol

Etymology

Inherited from Latin per (“by means of”). Compare Italian per (“for; to; through”).

Preposition

par

  1. for
  2. to

References

  • Masotti, Adelmo (1996) Vocabolario Romagnolo Italiano [Romagnol-Italian dictionary] (in Italian), Bologna: Zanichelli, page 418

Romanian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin pālus (“stake”), from Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ-.

Noun

par m (plural pari)

  1. stake
  2. club, bat
Declension
Derived terms
  • (diminutives): părișor, părugel, păruleț, păruș, părușor, părușteț
Related terms
  • împăra
See also
  • țeapă

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin par.

Adjective

par m or n (feminine singular pară, masculine plural pari, feminine and neuter plural pare)

  1. (of an integer) even; divisible by two
    Antonym: impar
Declension

Etymology 3

Form of părea.

Verb

par

  1. inflection of părea:
    1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
    2. third-person plural present indicative

Sassarese

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /par/

Preposition

par

  1. Alternative form of pa', sometimes used before vowel sounds

References

  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Paar, from Latin par (“equal, like”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pâːr/

Noun

pȃr m (Cyrillic spelling па̑р)

  1. pair, couple
  2. (informal) few, handful, several

Declension

Derived terms

  • pȃran

Slovene

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pàːr/

Noun

pár m inan

  1. pair
  2. some, a couple (of)
  3. couple (two partners)
  4. (golf) par
  5. (card games) (poker) pair

Inflection

Synonyms

  • (some): nekaj

See also

Further reading

  • “par”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin pār (“equal, like”), from Proto-Indo-European *per (“exchange”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpaɾ/ [ˈpaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: par

Adjective

par m or f (masculine and feminine plural pares)

  1. even (divisible by two)
    Antonym: impar

Derived terms

Noun

par m (plural pares)

  1. pair (two of the same or similar items that go together)
  2. couple (two of the same or similar items)
  3. (physics) two equal non-collinear forces; that is a force couple in Newtonian mechanics
  4. peer (somebody who is, or something that is, at a level equal)
  5. some, a few

Noun

par f (plural pares)

  1. (finance) par (acceptable level)

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

  • “par”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

Swedish

Pronunciation

Noun

par n

  1. a pair, a couple (either two or a few of something)
  2. a couple, two people who are dating

Declension

Related terms

Anagrams

  • apr, rap

Tagalog

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈpaɾ/ [ˈpaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: par

Noun

par (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜇ᜔)

  1. (colloquial) Clipping of pare.

Tok Pisin

Noun

par

  1. stingray

Venetan

Alternative forms

  • paro
  • pèr

Etymology

From Latin pār. Compare Italian paio.

Noun

par m (plural pari)

  1. pair

West Frisian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

par c (plural parren, diminutive parke)

  1. pear

Further reading

  • “par”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

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