English Online Dictionary. What means na? What does na mean?
Translingual
Symbol
na
- (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Nauruan.
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nɑː/
- Rhymes: -ɑː
Etymology 1
From Middle English na, from Old English nā, from Old English ne (“not”) + ā (“ever”). More at no.
Adverb
na (not comparable)
- (obsolete) Not.
- (obsolete) No.
Etymology 2
Development of Etymology 1, above; compare nah.
Interjection
na
- (Tyneside or Scotland) No.
- "Na, yor wrang."
- "Na, ye cannet watch telly."
- "Divn’t yee like milk?" "Na."
References
- Frank Graham (1987) The New Geordie Dictionary, →ISBN
- A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, →ISBN
Etymology 3
Abbreviations.
Noun
na
- (linguistics) Abbreviation of noun animate.
Etymology 4
Borrowed from Tagalog na.
Adverb
na (not comparable)
- (Philippines, slang) Now; already.
Etymology 5
Borrowed from Hindi ना (nā).
Adverb
na (not comparable)
- (North India, slang) isn't it?.
See also
- nad
- ni
- nid
- nah
- na-na
- na-na na-na boo-boo
Anagrams
- -an, A/N, AN, An, a(n), an, an', an-
'Are'are
Article
na
- the
References
- Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)
Acehnese
Verb
na
- to be (exist)
Derived terms
- nakeuh
- hana
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *nō̆s (“we”).
Pronoun
na
- (Gheg) we
Alternative forms
- ne, në
Asturian
Etymology
From a contraction of the preposition en (“in”) + feminine singular article la (“the”).
Contraction
na f (masculine nel, neuter no, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nes)
- in the
Bambara
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [náà]
Noun
na
- stew
Etymology 2
Particle
na (tone nà)
- auxiliary marker for future tense
References
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Bikol Central
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/, [n̪a]
Adverb
na (Basahan spelling ᜈ)
- already
Particle
na (Basahan spelling ᜈ)
- connects consonant ending noun or adjective to a noun or adjective that it modifies
- Synonym: -ng
- bilog na bulan ― whole month
Blagar
Etymology
From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Zia na.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nɑ/
Pronoun
na
- I
Noun
na
- thing
References
- H. Steinhauer, "Going" and "Coming" in the Blagar of Dolap (Pura--Alor--Indonesia) (1977)
- W. A. L. Stokhof, Preliminary notes on the Alor and Pantar languages (East Indonesia) (1975)
- A. Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1
Cameroon Pidgin
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
Predicative
na
- copula for nouns and adjectives
- a topic marker introducing a clause to lay focus on a subject
Catalan
Etymology
From the final syllable of Latin domina (“Lady”).
Pronunciation
- (Central) IPA(key): /nə/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /na/
Article
na f sg (elided n', masculine en)
- (Eastern Catalan) personal article used before feminine given names instead of the definite article la
Usage notes
- While this article (and its masculine counterpart en) is standard in Balearic Catalan, in other Eastern Catalan dialects its use is waning, and the elided of the definite article, l', is used before names beginning with vowels. There is no plural personal article, so the plural definite article les is used in all dialects.
Related terms
- dona
Cavineña
Noun
na
- root of ena
References
- Antoine Guillaume, A Grammar of Cavineña (2008, →ISBN
Central Huasteca Nahuatl
Pronoun
na
- I
Chavacano
Etymology
From Portuguese na, contraction of em a.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/, [na]
Preposition
na
- indirect object marker: to
- Ya dale yo todos na mi amigo. ― I gave everything to my friend.
- used to refer to the location of something or some action: in; on; at
- Na Ciudad de Zamboanga ele nacido. ― He/she was born in Zamboanga City.
- used to refer toward a location of something or some action: to; toward
- used to refer to a time period: at; on; in; during (of a year, month, day of the week, time of day, etc.)
- used to refer to a place of origin or where one comes from: from; of
Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Old Czech na, from Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈna]
Preposition
na
- on, onto (direction, + accusative case)
- on (location, + locative case)
- to, (direction, + accusative case, used only with certain places (do + genitive is more common))
- at, in (location, + locative case, used only with certain places (v is more common))
- for (purpose, + accusative case)
- at (in the direction of, + accusative case)
Further reading
- na in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- na in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
Dalmatian
Etymology
From Latin nōn.
Adverb
na
- no
- not
Related terms
- naun
- non
Domari
Etymology
From Sanskrit नव (nava).
Numeral
na
- (Aleppo, cardinal number) nine
References
- Bruno Herin (2012), “The Domari Language of Aleppo (Syria)”, in Linguistic Discovery[3], volume 10, issue 2, →DOI
Drung
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ.
Pronoun
na
- you (sg.)
References
- Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung[4], Santa Barbara: University of California
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /naː/
- Hyphenation: na
- Rhymes: -aː
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch na, from Old Dutch *nāh, *nā, from Proto-West Germanic *nāhw, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.
Preposition
na
- after
- (op ... na, with a cardinal number) bar, except Used to form ordinal numbers in relation to a superlative quality. The number that is used is 1 lower than in the English translation.
- Naast dat de toonladder een kenmerkend gegeven is, zijn er ook bepaalde tonen, die een speciale rol hebben, zoals de vadi en de samvadi, respectievelijk: de belangrijkste en de op een na belangrijkste toon.
- Next to [the fact] that the musical scale is a characteristic datum, there are also certain tones that have a special role, such as the vadi and the samvadi: respectively the most important and second most important tones.
- Naast dat de toonladder een kenmerkend gegeven is, zijn er ook bepaalde tonen, die een speciale rol hebben, zoals de vadi en de samvadi, respectievelijk: de belangrijkste en de op een na belangrijkste toon.
Inflection
Derived terms
-verbs:
Descendants
- Negerhollands: na, a
- → Virgin Islands Creole: na
Etymology 2
From Old Dutch *nāh, *nā, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz.
Adjective
na (comparative nader, superlative naast)
- close
Inflection
The forms of the positive are obsolescent, particularly the inflected one. The comparative and superlative forms are functioning as independent adjectives to an increasing extent.
Derived terms
- nabij
- te na komen
Etymology 3
Preposition
na
- (dialectal) Archaic form of naar.
Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl
Pronoun
na
- first person; I
See also
- naha
Esperanto
Etymology
Presumably from Russian на (na) and Polish na; alternatively, from the accusative suffix -n (possibly a blend with the article la or with the suffix -a).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [na]
- Audio:
- Hyphenation: na
Preposition
na
- (neologism, rare) Preposition introducing an accusative phrase.
- Mi legis na Gerda Malaperis.
- I read Gerda Disappeared.
- Mi legis na Gerda Malaperis.
Usage notes
Unofficial; it is recognized by some Esperantists on the Internet, but disapproved of by most high-level speakers. Proponents recommended using it only where the accusative suffix isn't possible: with numerals (unu (“one”)), particles (iom (“some”), kies (“whose”)), letters (J), titles of books, and quotations, etc. More standard options are to use the general preposition je, to omit the accusative ending, or to rephrase the sentence to avoid the issue.
Galician
Etymology 1
From contraction of preposition en (“in”) + feminine article a (“the”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nɐ/
Contraction
na f (masculine no, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nas)
- in the
Etymology 2
From a mutation of a.
Pronoun
na f (accusative)
- Alternative form of a (“her”)
Usage notes
The n- forms of accusative third-person pronouns are used when the preceding word ends in -u or a diphthong, and are suffixed to the preceding word.
Related terms
- a
- la
- no
German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na(ː)/
- Rhymes: -aː
- Homophones: nah, Narr (latter regional)
Etymology 1
Perhaps from an unstressed form of nu.
Interjection
na
- well!, so!; used to introduce a statement
- oh, hm, huh, och, nu; expressing a (usually mild) degree of surprise, doubt, or frustration
- (regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) huh?; used as a question marker, often implying that the speaker knows the answer
- (regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) hey!, hi!; used as a greeting, but with an interrogative intonation, as if saying “So? You see me there?”, or “So? How is everything?”
Derived terms
- na klar
- na und
- nanu
Etymology 2
A variant of nein.
Interjection
na
- (regional, chiefly southern Germany and Austria) Alternative form of nein (“no”)
Anagrams
- an
Guinea-Bissau Creole
Etymology
From Portuguese na. Cognate with Kabuverdianu na.
Preposition
na
- at
- in
- on
Hawaiian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Preposition
na
- for, belonging to, by
Usage notes
- Used for acquired possessions, while no is used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars).
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈnɒ]
- Rhymes: -nɒ
Interjection
na
- well, so, hey
Derived terms
- (Compound words):
- nahát
- nana
- naná
Further reading
- na in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Ingrian
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian на (na).
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈnɑ/, [ˈnɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈnɑ/, [ˈnɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑ
- Hyphenation: na
Interjection
na
- here! there you go! (said when handing something over)
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 331
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nˠə/
Article
na (definite article)
- genitive singular feminine of an (triggers h-prothesis)
- nominative/dative plural of an (triggers h-prothesis)
- genitive plural of an (triggers eclipsis)
Contraction
na
- Nonstandard form of ina
Mutation
Descendants
- → Yola: na
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “na”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “na” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “na” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Japanese
Romanization
na
- Rōmaji transcription of な
- Rōmaji transcription of ナ
Kabuverdianu
Etymology
From Portuguese na.
Preposition
na
- at
- in
- on
Kapampangan
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: na
- IPA(key): /nə/, [nə]
Etymology 1
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a.
Pronoun
na
- 3rd person singular possessive/ergative pronoun: he; his; she; her; it; its
Etymology 2
Possibly a contraction of nanu (“what”). Compare Tagalog 'no, Japanese な (na), ね (ne).
Interjection
na
- (masculine, informal, mild emphatic) used to get someone's attention, generally carries neutral or slightly positive connotations
Particle
na
- (informal, mild emphatic) sentence-final particle indicating emotion or mild emphasis
Ligature
na
- Connects adjectives to nouns.
Adverb
na
- already; now (expresses the event when following a verb)
- already; now (declares the event of action when following a verb in the past tense)
- already; now (suggests immediate or quick action when following the infinitive form and future tense of the verb)
See also
Karaim
Alternative forms
- на (Cyrillic)
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *na.
Interjection
na
- here you are! take it!
Kasem
Noun
na
- water
References
- SIL Burkina Faso, Dictionnaire bilingue kassem - français, 2007
Kashubian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈna/
- Syllabification: na
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Preposition
na
- Denotes superessive position; on [+locative]
- Synonym: nó
- Denotes sublative movement; onto [+accusative]
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Interjection
na
- Emphatic particle used with imperatives to speed up a performed action; c'mon, now
Further reading
- Stefan Ramułt (1893), “na”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego, page 110
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “na 1”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi, volume 2, page 2
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “na 2”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi, volume 2, page 2
- “na”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
- “na!”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Kikuyu
Particle
na
- (instrumental) with
- (comitative) and, with
- (source) from
- Synonym: kuuma
- but
References
Kilivila
Noun
na
- (in compounds) woman
References
- Gunter Senft (1986), Kilivila: the Language of the Trobriand Islanders. Berlin • New York • Amsterdam: Mouton de Gruyter, p. 372, 591. →ISBN
Ladin
Article
na f
- an, a
Synonyms
- n'
See also
- n
Ladino
Interjection
na (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling נה)
- here! behold!
Lakota
Conjunction
na
- and
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /naː/, [näː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /na/, [näː]
Verb
nā
- imperative singular of nō, swim!
References
- na in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Lingala
Etymology
Of native Bobangi origin (compare Swahili na), but its functional broadening to "in, at" may be under the influence of West African languages; compare Igbo na, Krio na.
Preposition
na
- with, and
- in, at
- of (form of ya before personal pronouns)
Lower Sorbian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
Preposition
na
- (with locative) on, in
- (with accusative) on, onto
Further reading
- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “na_2”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999), “na”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Luganda
Conjunction
na
- and (only used if the overall statement is grammatically negative)
See also
- ne
References
The Essentials of Luganda, J. D. Chesswas, 4th edition. Oxford University Press: Nairobi. 1967, p. 94.
Mandarin
Pronunciation
Romanization
na (na5/na0, Zhuyin ˙ㄋㄚ)
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 吶/呐
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 哪
na
- Nonstandard spelling of nā.
- Nonstandard spelling of ná.
- Nonstandard spelling of nǎ.
- Nonstandard spelling of nà.
Usage notes
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Maquiritari
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [na]
Verb
na
- (transitive) to clear (a conuco garden)
- (transitive) to clear (brush)
References
- Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “na”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana, Lyon
- Hall, Katherine Lee (1988) The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volume I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University, page 315
Middle Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /naː/
Etymology 1
From Old Dutch nāh, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.
Preposition
na
- towards
- behind
- after, following, later than
- in accordance with, based on
Adverb
na
- afterwards, later
- close, near
Descendants
- Dutch: na
- Limburgish: nao
Etymology 2
From Old Dutch *nāh, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz.
Adjective
nâ
- close
Inflection
This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
Further reading
- “na (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- “na (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- “na (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “na (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “na (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Neapolitan
Feminine form of nu, from Latin ūnus.
Alternative forms
- n' (before words starting with a vowel)
Etymology
From Latin ūna.
Article
na f sg
- a, an
Northern Kurdish
Etymology
From Proto-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-European *ne. Related to ne.
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -ɑː
Interjection
na
- no
Northern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
-na
- to rain
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Northern Sami
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈna/
Adverb
na
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{}
.
Further reading
- Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Northern Sotho
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
na
- to rain
Norwegian
Etymology
From Old Norse hana, the accusative form of hon (“she”). Compare with Swedish na. The correct term in Norwegian Bokmål would be henne, and either ho or henne in Norwegian Nynorsk.
Pronoun
na
- (dialectal, colloquial) her; object form of ho
Usage notes
- It is almost without exceptions used as a clitic, and is always unstressed.
See also
- a
- hu
Ojibwe
Particle
na
- Question marker for yes/no questions. It is always placed after the first word in the sentence. If the first word ends in a vowel, use the particle na; if it ends in a consonant, use ina.
- Giminikwe na? — Are you drinking?
- Gigii-anokii na bijiinaago? — Did you work yesterday?
- but: Giwiisin ina? — Are you eating?
Synonyms
- ina
Old Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈna/
- IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈna/
Preposition
na
- on, onto (direction, + accusative case)
- on (location, + locative case)
- for (purpose, + accusative case)
- at (in the direction of, + accusative case)
Descendants
- Czech: na
Further reading
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “na”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old English
Alternative forms
- nō
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *nai (“never”), equivalent to a contraction of ne (“not”) and ā (“ever”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nɑː/
Adverb
nā
- not, no
- Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Version B, year 897
- c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 22:17
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Fifth Sunday in Lent"
- c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
- Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Version B, year 897
- (poetic) never
Conjunction
nā
- not
- c. 992, Ælfric, "Midlent"
- c. 992, Ælfric, "Midlent"
Synonyms
- (conjunction): næs
Derived terms
- nā þæt
Descendants
- English: no
- Scots: nae, naw
See also
- nān
- nāwiht
- ne
- nese
Old Frisian
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *nai, equivalent to a blend of ne (“not”) + ā (“ever”). Akin to Old English nā.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnaː/
Adverb
nā
- never
Descendants
- West Frisian: nea
Particle
nā
- no
Descendants
- Saterland Frisian: noa
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnaː/
Preposition
nā (+ dative)
- Alternative form of nēi
References
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
Old Irish
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n͈a/
Article
na (triggers /h/-prothesis in the feminine genitive singular, in the feminine and neuter nominative plural, and in the accusative plural; triggers eclipsis in the genitive plural)
- Aphetic form of inna (“the (various inflected forms)”)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n͈a/
Determiner
na (‘his’ and ‘its’ trigger lenition, ‘her’ triggers /h/-prothesis, ‘their’ triggers eclipsis)
- Aphetic form of inna (“in his/her/its/their”)
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n͈a/
Determiner
na
- neuter nominative/accusative singular of nach (“any”)
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n͈aː/
Particle
na
- Alternative spelling of ná (“don’t”)
Old Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /na/
- IPA(key): (15th CE) /na/
Preposition
na
- denotes sublative movement; onto [+accusative]
- denotes movement towards some nouns; to, toward [+accusative]
- denotes the length of time for which an action will be done; for [+accusative]
- denotes a goal or purpose; for [+accusative]
- used in some temporal and physical measurements; by [+accusative] or [+locative]
- denotes superessive position; on [+locative]
- denotes a period of time; during [+locc]
- denotes frequency; per [+case]
- denotes location with events; at [+locative]
- denotes manner [+accusative]
Descendants
- Polish: na
- Silesian: na
References
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “na”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Pali
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
Inherited from Sanskrit न (na).
Particle
na
- no, not
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adjective
na
- (demonstrative) that
Declension
Synonyms
- ta
Derived terms
- ena (“this”)
- nā (“her”)
Pronoun
na m or n
- (demonstrative) that
- him, it
- (in the plural) them
Usage notes
Note that this is not used to reference, explicitly or implicitly, a neuter noun in the plural.
Declension
Synonyms
- ta
References
Pali Text Society (1921-1925), “na”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Papiamentu
Etymology 1
From Portuguese na and Kabuverdianu na.
Preposition
na
- at
- in
- inside
- on
Etymology 2
From Dutch naar.
Preposition
na
- to
- towards
Phalura
Etymology 1
From Sanskrit न (na, “not”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
Particle
na (negating, Perso-Arabic spelling نہ)
- not
- don't
References
- Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[7], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “na”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
Interjection
na (Perso-Arabic spelling نہ)
- no!
References
- Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[8], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Phuthi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
-na
- to rain
Inflection
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Polish na, from Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈna/
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: na
- Homophone: -na
Preposition
na
- Denotes superessive position; on [+locative]
- Denotes location with events; at [+locative]
- Denotes sublative movement; onto [+accusative]
- Denotes the length of time for which an action will be done; for, by [+accusative]
- Denotes a goal or purpose; for, to deal with [+accusative]
- Denotes frequency; per [+case]
- Denotes manner. [+accusative] or [+adverb]
- (mathematics) Surjective usage; onto [+accusative]
Adjective
na (not comparable)
- (mathematics) onto; surjective
Interjection
na
- (obsolete) take it! here!
Usage notes
- When used as an adjective, this word is indeclinable, postpositive (when used attributively), and usually placed inside quotation marks, e.g. funkcja „na”.
Trivia
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), na is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1784 times in scientific texts, 1884 times in news, 1681 times in essays, 1932 times in fiction, and 1319 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 8600 times, making it the 5th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.
References
Further reading
- na in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- na in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- “na”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2023
- “na”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2023
- “NA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 29.01.2012
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814), “na”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “na”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “na”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 1
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: na
Etymology 1
From Old Galician-Portuguese na, clipping of ena, from en (“in”) + a (“the”).
Contraction
na f sg
- Contraction of em a (“in the”): feminine singular of no
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:no.
Preposition
na
- at
- in
Etymology 2
Pronoun
na
- Alternative form of a (third-person feminine singular objective pronoun) used as an enclitic following a verb form ending in a nasal vowel or diphthong
Usage notes
- This form is not found in Brazilian speech.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:no.
Riantana
Etymology
From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Blagar na.
Pronoun
na
- I
Romani
Etymology
From Sanskrit न (na, “no”).
Adverb
na
- not
Interjection
na
- right?; tag question
Particle
na
- no
References
- Dieter W. Halwachs (), “Morphology”, in Romani Projekt Graz[9], archived from the original on 2016-04-13
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “na”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 152
Romanian
Etymology
Cognate to Bulgarian на (na), from Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
- Rhymes: -a
Interjection
na
- here you are! take it!
Further reading
- na in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Samoan
Pronoun
na
- he / she
See also
Sango
Conjunction
na
- and
Scottish Gaelic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (stressed) /na/, (unstressed) /nə/
Etymology 1
Univerbation of an (“in”) + a (“his/her”).
Preposition
na (+ dative)
- (triggers lenition) in his; in its
- (triggers H-prothesis) in her; in its
Inflection
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Article
na (triggers H-prothesis)
- inflection of an (“the”):
- genitive singular feminine
- nominative or dative plural
Declension
Etymology 3
From Old Irish a (“that which”).
Pronoun
na
- all that, that which, whatever
Etymology 4
From Old Irish nó, nú.
Conjunction
na
- Alternative form of no
Etymology 5
From Old Irish indás (“than (it) is”).
Conjunction
na
- than
Etymology 6
Univerbation of an (interrogative particle) + do (past tense particle)
Particle
na
- marks an interrogative in the past tense
Usage notes
- Colloquial, rarely seen in formal writing.
- Dialectal, typical of northern dialects, particularly Lewis and Skye.
Etymology 7
From Old Irish ná.
Particle
na
- don’t (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
Preposition
na (Cyrillic spelling на)
- (+ locative case) on, at, in (with certain nouns, expressing location without a change of position, answering the question gdjȅ/gdȅ; see usage notes below)
- (+ locative case) on (indicating medium)
- (+ accusative case) to, on, onto (with certain nouns, expressing the goal of motion, answering questions kùda (Bosnian, Serbian) or kȁmo (Croatian); see usage notes below)
- (+ accusative case) for (with verbs of motion and certain other verbs, to express something which will last for a limited period; after that a reverse action is implied)
- (+ accusative case) in (used with seasons)
- (+ accusative case) noun attribute for permanent properties, such as sources of power or energy, but not including purpose
- (+ accusative case) by, on, through (adverbial phrase of manner)
- (+ accusative case) indirect object of certain verbs
- (+ accusative case) a part of certain set expressions, which can be spelled also as one word in Croatian
Usage notes
na is used to indicate the location (with locative) or the goal of motion (with accusative), with:
- surfaces, either horizontal (table) or vertical (wall), including open spaces such as playgrounds, mountains, islands, most neighborhoods, pictures, the sky
- activities, such as ručak lunch, odmor vacation, posao work, predavanje lecture, sastanak meeting
- exposure to the sun, fresh air, wind, rain and snow (na suncu ― in the sun)
- limits: rub, ivica edge, početak beginning, kraj end, vrh top, dno bottom
- languages (na engleskom ― in English)
- with more sea, to express at/to the seaside; with selo village, to express in/to the countryside
- the noun fakultet
Interjection
na! (Cyrillic spelling на!)
- Here you are! Take it!
- Help yourself!
Shona
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-nàì.
Adjective
-na
- four
Inflection
Sicilian
Article
na f sg
- (indefinite) a, an
See also
Silesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈna/
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: na
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Polish na, from Proto-Slavic *na.
Preposition
na
- Denotes superessive position; on [+locative]
- Antonym: pod
- Denotes inessive position of some countries and regions; in, [+locative]
- Synonym: w
- Antonym: poza
- Denotes location with events; at [+locative]
- Denotes sublative movement; onto [+accusative]
- Synonyms: do, ku
- Denotes time; for [+accusative]
- Denotes measurement; by [+accusative]
- Denotes aim of an action; for [+accusative]
- Denotes color of painted object. [+adverb]
- Denotes manner. [+adverb]
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Interjection
na
- Used when giving someone something; here!
- Filler word; well
Further reading
- na in dykcjonorz.eu
- na in silling.org
- na in rudaslaska.pl
Slovak
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *na, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂en-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈna/
Preposition
na
- (with locative) on (touching from above)
- Synonyms: navrchu, po
- (with locative) by, with, using (indicates a means or an instrument)
- Synonym: o
- (with locative) at (indicates time)
- (with locative) at, because of (indicates reason)
- Synonyms: z, zo
- (with locative, in connection with byť) on, usually translated with a corresponsing verb (indicates state)
- (with accusative) on, to (indicates motion towards the upper surface of an object or contact with the object from any side)
- Synonyms: smerom na, smerom do, smerom k, o
- (with accusative) for, on, to (indicates purpose or goal)
- Synonyms: po, proti, pri
- (with accusative) at, on (indicates time)
- Synonyms: cez, počas, v
- (with accusative) at, because of, of (indicates reason)
- Synonyms: s, so, z, zo
Further reading
- na in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
Preposition
na
- (with locative) on (stationary)
- (with accusative) onto (motion towards)
- (with accusative) at, on (a moment in time)
Further reading
- “na”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Somali
Adverb
na
- moreover
Southern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
-na
- to rain
Inflection
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈna/ [ˈna]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: na
Etymology 1
Contraction of enna.
Contraction
na
- (obsolete) Contraction of en la (“in the”).
Etymology 2
Representing accents where intervocalic /d/ is lost after a stressed syllable.
Alternative forms
- na'
Pronoun
na
- Pronunciation spelling of nada.
Derived terms
- no ni na
Further reading
- “na”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Sranan Tongo
Etymology
Borrowed from Dutch naar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
Preposition
na
- to
Sumerian
Romanization
na
- Romanization of 𒈾 (na)
Swahili
Etymology
Akin to Lingala na, Luganda na. From Proto-Bantu [Term?]. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nɑ/
Conjunction
na
- and
- with
- by
Usage notes
Older or more conservative Swahili writings only use na to connect two nouns, never to connect two adjectives; the second adjective is changed into an abstract noun instead. However, in modern colloquial Swahili, this is not always the case.
na can be suffixed with special suffixes (for human pronominals) or any -o of reference (for other objects) to inflect it with an object (for example, nayo = "with it"):
Inflection
Verb
-na
- present stem of -wa na (“to have”)
Swazi
Particle
nâ
- Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish hana, accusative form of hon. In most dialects, the corresponding dative form (henne, in Old Norse: hænni) has taken its place. Compare Norwegian Nynorsk na.
Pronoun
na
- (dialectal) her; accusative/dative of hon
- Synonym: henne
Usage notes
- Common enough to be understood by all native speakers.
- Rarely in written form unless supposed to imitate (dialectal) speech. See also the usage notes for honom.
See also
- en
References
Anagrams
- -an, an, an-
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/, [nɐ]
Etymology 1
Influenced by Baybayin character ᜈ (na).
Noun
na (Baybayin spelling ᜈ)
- The name of the Latin-script letter N/n, in the Abakada alphabet.
- Synonyms: (in the Filipino alphabet) en, (in the Abecedario) ene
See also
- nana
Etymology 2
From Proto-Philippine *na (“now; already”). Compare Bikol Central na, Cebuano na, Hiligaynon na, and Tausug na.
Adverb
na (Baybayin spelling ᜈ)
- already; now; anymore (expresses the event when following a verb)
- already; now (declares the event of action when following a verb in the past tense)
- already; now (suggests immediate or quick action when following the infinitive form and future tense of the verb)
Adjective
na (Baybayin spelling ᜈ)
- already; now (expresses the event when following a noun)
- now; already (expresses a shift or change in the performance of a task when following a personal pronoun)
See also
- na-
Etymology 3
From Proto-Austronesian *na (“linker marking emphatic attribution”).
Ligature
na (Baybayin spelling ᜈ)
- Connects words, phrases, and sentences: which is; that is; who is
- Connects adjectives to nouns.
- Connects adverbs to verbs.
- Connects clauses: that; to
- Connects quantifiers (mayroon and wala only uses -ng)
- Connects adjectives to nouns.
Usage notes
- na becomes the -ng suffix if the preceding word ends in a vowel.
- Words ending in -n will become -ng (-g)
- It becomes the -ng- interfix in compound words, if the preceding stem ends in a vowel.
- haba + -ng- + buhay → habang-buhay
- bunga + -ng- + kahoy → bungangkahoy
- It becomes the -m- interfix in compound words, where the next stem starts with a (b) or (p).
- haba + -m- + buhay → habambuhay
- ganti + -m- + pala → gantimpala
- It becomes the -n- interfix in compound words, where the next stem starts with a (d), (s), or (t).
- isa + -n- + daan → sandaan
- bago + -n- + sakop + -in → bagunsakupin
- libo + -n- + taon → libuntaon
- Words ending with -n inside compounds ending will become -ng- (-g-)
- daan + -g- + bakal → daang-bakal
- kababaan + -g- + loob → kababaang-loob
- kabungguan + -g- + balikat → kabungguang-balikat
See also
- nang
- ng
Further reading
- “na”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2018
Tày
Etymology
From Proto-Tai *ʰnaːᴬ (“thick”). Cognate with Lao ໜາ (nā), Lü ᦐᦱ (ṅaa), Shan ၼႃ (nǎa), Ahom 𑜃𑜡 (nā), Bouyei nal, Zhuang na, Thai หนา (nǎa).
Pronunciation
- (Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA(key): [naː˧˧]
- (Trùng Khánh) IPA(key): [naː˦˥]
Adjective
na (那,𪿣)
- thick
- bold, brave
Derived terms
- na tứt
References
- Hoàng Văn Ma; Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
- Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary][10][11] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên
- Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][12] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Tok Pisin
Etymology
From English and.
Conjunction
na
- and
Derived terms
- olsem na
Tooro
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-nàì.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /-na/
Numeral
-na
- four
Turkish
Etymology
From Russian на (na) or Ukrainian на (na).
Interjection
na
- (dialect, Trabzon, Rize) here it is! take it!
- Synonym: işte!
Tzotzil
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nä/
Noun
na
- house
Inflection
Derived terms
(Nouns)
- ti' na
References
- Laughlin, Robert M. (1975) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
- Laughlin, Robert M. [et al.] (1988) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of Santo Domingo Zinacantán, vol. I. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Unami
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [na]
Pronoun
na
- that (animate)
Venda
Conjunction
na
- and
- with
Venetian
Article
na f sg
- a, an
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [naː˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [naː˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [naː˧˧]
Noun
(classifier cây, trái, quả) na • (𦰡)
- (Northern Vietnam) sugar apple (Annona squamosa)
- Synonym: mãng cầu
Anagrams
- an
Welsh
Etymology 1
Cognate with Old Irish nach, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ne (negative particle) + *-kʷe (“and”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /naː/, /na/
- Rhymes: -aː
Interjection
na
- no
Particle
na (triggers mixed mutation)
- not (in answers and tag questions)
- (literary) don’t (with verbs in the imperative mood)
Usage notes
- Triggers mixed mutation (i.e. aspirate of p, t, c and soft of remaining mutatable letters) of a following consonant.
- The form nac is used before a vowel. When the following consonant is g, which disappears under soft mutation, the form na remains, thus na + gallan becomes naallan, not * .
Alternative forms
- nac (used before a vowel)
Conjunction
na (triggers mixed mutation)
- that … not (introduces a negative noun clause)
Usage notes
- Triggers mixed mutation (i.e. aspirate of , , and soft of remaining mutatable letters) of a following consonant.
- The form is used before a vowel. When the following consonant is , which disappears under soft mutation, the form remains, thus + becomes , not * .
- The form is always before an element fronted for emphasis.
Alternative forms
- nad (used before a vowel, or where an element is fronted for emphasis)
See also
- y
Etymology 2
Variant of no(g), probably from rebracketing of the comparative “*-achn o” as “-ach no”.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na(ː)/
Conjunction
- than
- neither, nor
Alternative forms
- nag (used before a vowel)
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na(ː)/
Verb
na
Verb
Mutation
Etymology 4
Adjective
na
Noun
na
Mutation
References
Xhosa
Etymology 1
Particle
ná
- Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.
Etymology 2
From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
- to rain
Inflection
This verb needs an [[:Category: verb inflection-table templates|inflection-table template]].
Yola
Etymology 1
From Middle English na, from nan (“none”), from Old English nān. Cognates include English no and Scots nae.
Alternative forms
Determiner
na
- no
Particle
na
- no
Etymology 2
Interjection
na
- Alternative form of naay
Etymology 3
Adverb
na
- Alternative form of no (“not”)
Etymology 4
Borrowed from Irish na.
Article
na
- of the
References
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, , London: J. Russell Smith, page 58, 88, 104 & 114
Yoruba
Pronunciation
- (high-tone):
- (mid-tone):
- (low-tone):
Etymology 1
Verb
- to beat; to hit; to smack
- Synonym: lù
- to defeat
- Synonym: borí
Usage notes
- na before a direct object.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Verb
- to spend
- Synonym: náwó (“to spend money”)
- to cost
- to haggle; to bargain
- Synonyms: yọwó, nájà
- to trade; to go to the market
- Synonym: nájà
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Verb
- to stretch; to raise
- to aim; to point
Usage notes
- na before a direct object.
Derived terms
Zaghawa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na/
Pronoun
na
- you (singular); thou
- Na dô neygini? : Are you tired?
References
- Beria-English English-Beria Dictionary [provisional] ADESK, Iriba, Kobe Department, Chad
Zhuang
Etymology
From Proto-Tai *ʰnaːᴬ (“thick”). Cognate with Thai หนา (nǎa), Lao ໜາ (nā), Lü ᦐᦱ (ṅaa), Shan ၼႃ (nǎa), Ahom 𑜃𑜡 (nā), Bouyei nal.
Pronunciation
Adjective
na (Sawndip forms 𭆗 or 那 or 𭡇 or 𦀨, 1957–1982 spelling na)
- thick (with opposite surfaces far apart)
- dense; thick
Zia
Etymology
From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Blagar na.
Pronoun
na
- I (first person pronoun singular)
Zou
Etymology 1
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *naa, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na. Cognates include Tibetan ན (na) and Burmese နာ (na).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na˧/
Adjective
na
- ill
Etymology 2
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *hnaar, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-na. Cognates include Tibetan སྣ (sna) and Burmese နှာ (hna).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na˧/
Noun
na
- nose
References
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) , Canchipur: Manipur University, pages 40, 47
Zulu
Etymology 1
Possibly from na-.
Pronunciation
Particle
na
- Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.
Etymology 2
From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Pronunciation
Verb
- to rain
Inflection
See also
- imvula
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), ”, in , →ISBN
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), ”, in , →ISBN