local

English Online Dictionary. What means local‎? What does local mean?

English

Etymology

From Middle English local, from Late Latin locālis (“belonging to a place”), possibly also via Old French local; ultimately from Latin locus (“a place”).

The ring-theoretic senses derive from Krull, who first referred to Noetherian commutative rings with a unique maximal ideal as "Stellenring" (Stellen (“place”) +‎ ring) in 1938. The term was inspired by algebraic geometry, where local rings encode information about the behavior of curves (surfaces, etc.) at points; hence, describe "local" behavior.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈləʊkl̩/
• (General American) enPR: lōk′əl, IPA^(key): /ˈloʊkl̩/
• Rhymes: -əʊkəl

Adjective

local (comparative more local, superlative most local)

1. From or in a nearby location.

   Holonyms: statal, national, federal, unional, supranational, global
2. (computing, of a resource) Connected directly to a particular computer, processor, etc.; able to be accessed offline.

   Antonym: remote

3. (computing, of a variable or identifier) Having limited scope (either lexical or dynamic); only accessible within a certain portion of a program.

   Antonym: global

4. (mathematics, not comparable, of a condition or property) Applying to or satisfied by substructures understood as "near points;" in particular:
   1. (topology) Satisfied by at least one open neighborhood of every point.

   2. (topology) Satisfied by arbitrarily small open neighborhoods of every point.
   3. (group theory, of a property of an infinite group) Satisfied by every finitely generated subgroup.
5. (mathematics, not comparable, of a condition or property) Detectable from the behavior of substructures understood to be "near points;" in particular:
   1. (algebra, algebraic geometry, of a property ${displaystyle P}$ of a ring ${displaystyle R}$ (or an ${displaystyle R}$-module ${displaystyle M}$)) Such that the following conditions are equivalent: (1) ${displaystyle P}$ holds for ${displaystyle R}$ (${displaystyle M}$); (2) ${displaystyle P}$ holds for the localization ${displaystyle R_{mathfrak }}$ (${displaystyle M_{mathfrak }}$) for all prime ideals ${displaystyle {mathfrak }}$ of ${displaystyle R}$; (3) ${displaystyle P}$ holds for the localization ${displaystyle R_{mathfrak }}$ (${displaystyle M_{mathfrak }}$) for all maximal ideals ${displaystyle {mathfrak }}$ of ${displaystyle R}$.

   2. (group theory, of a property of a finite group) Detectable from the behavior of the normalizers of the nontrivial p-subgroups.
7. (algebra, of a ring) Having a unique maximal (left) ideal.
8. (medicine) Of or pertaining to a restricted part of an organism.

   Synonym: topical

9. Descended from an indigenous population.

Translations

Noun

local (plural locals)

1. A person who lives near a given place.
2. A branch of a nationwide organization such as a trade union.
3. (rail transport) Clipping of local train.

   Synonym: stopper

   Antonyms: fast, express

4. (British) One's nearest or regularly frequented public house or bar.
5. (programming) A locally scoped identifier.
6. (US, slang, journalism) An item of news relating to the place where the newspaper is published.
7. (colloquial, medicine) Clipping of local anesthetic.
8. (finance) An independent trader who acts for themselves rather than on behalf of investors.

   Synonym: floor trader
9. (fandom slang, derogatory) A Twitter user who is not a part of Stan Twitter.
   • 2018, Max Ghasserani, "Spill The Tea On A Sister Skinny Legend", The Investigator (Green Valley High School, Henderson, NV), October 2018, page 25:

     Her camera roll is filled with pictures and videos of her idol, she doesn't let any of her friends see her account because "no locals allowed", […]

   • 2019, Avin Abelardo, "Deep Dive Into The World Of Troll Twitter Memes", Echoes (University of the Philippines), February/March 2019, page 60:

     Heck, even locals sometimes use GIFs of her when they feel like tweeting with taste.

   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:local.

Translations

Adverb

local (comparative more local, superlative most local)

1. In the local area; within a city, state, country, etc.

Derived terms

Related terms

References

Further reading

• “local”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “local”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “local”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

• colla

Asturian

Adjective

local (epicene, plural locales)

1. Alternative form of llocal

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin locālis, from Latin locus. First attested in 1803.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [luˈkal]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Valencia) [loˈkal]

Adjective

local m or f (masculine and feminine plural locals)

1. local

Derived terms

• localitzar
• localment

Related terms

• lloc
• localitat

Noun

local m (plural locals)

1. property, premises; business, storefront

References

Further reading

• “local” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “local” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “local” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Chinese

Etymology

From English local.

Pronunciation

Noun

local

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese or overseas Mandarin) local (people, as opposed to foreigners)

References

• English Loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese

Fala

Etymology

From Late Latin locālis, from Latin locus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /loˈkal/
• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: lo‧cal

Adjective

local (plural locais)

1. local

Noun

local m (plural locais)

1. premises; rooms

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin locālis, from Latin locus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɔ.kal/

Adjective

local (feminine locale, masculine plural locaux, feminine plural locales)

1. local

   Antonym: global

Derived terms

• anesthésie locale
• classe locale
• localité
• localisation

Related terms

• lieu
• location

Noun

local m (plural locaux)

1. room

Descendants

• → Danish: lokale
• → Romanian: local
• → Turkish: lokal

Further reading

• “local”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• colla

Galician

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin locālis, from Latin locus.

Adjective

local m or f (plural locais)

1. local

Derived terms

• localmente

Related terms

• localizar

Noun

local m (plural locais)

1. premises; rooms

References

• “local” in DIGALEGO - Dicionario de Galego, Ir Indo 2004, Xunta de Galicia 2013.
• “local”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “local”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Ladin

Pronunciation

Adjective

local m (feminine singular locala, masculine plural locai, feminine plural locales)

1. local

Lombard

Pronunciation

• (Milanese) IPA^(key): /luˈcaːl/

Adjective

local (plural locai)

1. local

Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /luˈkal/

Adjective

local

1. local

Noun

local m

1. room

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin locālis, from Latin locus. Cognate with the inherited lugar.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -al, -aw
• Hyphenation: lo‧cal

Adjective

local m or f (plural locais)

1. local

Noun

local m (plural locais)

1. premises, rooms
2. site
3. place, location

Synonyms

• (place, site): lugar, sítio

Derived terms

• localmente

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French local, Late Latin localis. By surface analysis, loc +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /loˈkal/

Adjective

local m or n (feminine singular locală, masculine plural locali, feminine and neuter plural locale)

1. local

Declension

Related terms

• localitate
• loc
• locație

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin locālis, from Latin locus. Compare the inherited doublet lugar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /loˈkal/ [loˈkal]
• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: lo‧cal

Adjective

local m or f (masculine and feminine plural locales)

1. local

Derived terms

Noun

local m (plural locales)

1. premises, rooms
2. (Mexico) store or other retail unit in a shopping center

Derived terms

Further reading

• “local”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10