kidney

English Online Dictionary. What means kidney‎? What does kidney mean?

English

Etymology

From Middle English kedney, kydeney, from earlier kidnēre, kidenēre (“kidney”), of obscure origin and formation. Probably a compound consisting of Middle English *kid, *quid (“belly, womb”), from Old English cwiþ, cwiþa (“belly, womb, stomach”) + Middle English nēre (“kidney”), from Old English *nēora (“kidney”), from Proto-West Germanic *neurō, from Proto-Germanic *neurô (“kidney”), from Proto-Indo-European *negʷʰr- (“kidney”). If so, then related to dialectal English near (“kidney”), Scots nere, neir (“kidney”), Saterland Frisian Njuure (“kidney”), Dutch nier (“kidney”), German Niere (“kidney”), Danish nyre (“kidney”), Norwegian nyre (“kidney”), Swedish njure (“kidney”), Ancient Greek νεφρός (nephrós).

Alternate etymology traces the first element to Old English *cydde (“sack, belly, scrotum”), from Proto-Germanic *kuddijā (“sack”) as the terms for testicle and kidney were often interchangeable in Germanic (compare Old High German nioro (“kidney", also "testicle”), Old Swedish vig-niauri (“testicle”)). More at codpiece.

Pronunciation

• (UK, Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈkɪdni/
• Rhymes: -ɪdni

Noun

kidney (plural kidneys)

2. An organ in the body that filters the blood, producing urine.
3. This organ (of an animal) cooked as food.
4. (figuratively, dated) Constitution, temperament, nature, type, character, disposition. (usually used of people)
   • 30th June, 1788, Robert Burns, letter to Mr Robert Ainslie

     Your poets, spendthrifts, and other fools of that kidney, pretend, forsooth, to crack their jokes on prudence.
5. (obsolete, slang) A waiter.

Synonyms

• rein
• nephros
• ren

Holonyms

• urinary tract

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• renal
• suprarenal

Anagrams

• dinkey