jump

English Online Dictionary. What means jump‎? What does jump mean?

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: jŭmp, IPA^(key): /d͡ʒʌmp/, [d͡ʒɐm̥p]
• Rhymes: -ʌmp

Etymology 1

From Middle English jumpen (“to walk quickly, run, jump”), probably of Middle Low German or North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *gumpōną ~ *gumbōną (“to hop, skip, jump”), an iterative verb. The OED suggests an imitative origin. Others have connected it to Ancient Greek ἀθεμβούσα (athemboúsa, “uninhibited”), which is unlikely. Related to jumble. In the sense “to propel oneself” it displaced leap partially and spring largely.

Verb

jump (third-person singular simple present jumps, present participle jumping, simple past and past participle jumped)

1. (intransitive) To propel oneself rapidly upward, downward and/or in any horizontal direction such that momentum causes the body to become airborne.
2. (intransitive) To cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall downward.

3. (transitive) To pass by a spring or leap; to overleap.

4. (intransitive) To employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location.
5. (intransitive) To react to a sudden, often unexpected, stimulus (such as a sharp prick or a loud sound) by jerking the body violently.

6. (intransitive, figuratively) To increase sharply, to rise, to shoot up.

7. (intransitive) To employ a move in certain board games where one game piece is moved from one legal position to another passing over the position of another piece.

8. (transitive) To move to a position (in a queue/line) that is further forward.

9. (transitive) To pass (a traffic light) when it is indicating that one should stop.
10. (transitive) To attack suddenly and violently.

11. (transitive, slang) To engage in sexual intercourse with (a person).
12. (transitive) To cause to jump.

13. (transitive) To move the distance between two opposing subjects.
14. (transitive) To increase the height of a tower crane by inserting a section at the base of the tower and jacking up everything above it.
15. (cycling, intransitive) To increase speed aggressively and without warning.
16. (transitive, obsolete) To expose to danger; to risk; to hazard.
17. (transitive, smithwork) To join by a buttweld.
18. To thicken or enlarge by endwise blows; to upset.
19. (quarrying) To bore with a jumper.
20. To jump-start a car or other vehicle with a dead battery, as with jumper cables.
21. (obsolete) To coincide; to agree; to accord; to tally; followed by with.
22. (intransitive, programming) To start executing code from a different location, rather than following the program counter.
23. (intransitive, slang, archaic) To flee; to make one's escape.
24. (intransitive, figurative) To shift one's position or attitude, especially suddenly and significantly.

25. (intransitive, biology, of DNA) To switch locations on chromosomes.

Conjugation

Synonyms

• (propel oneself upwards): leap, spring
• (cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall): jump down, jump off
• (employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location): skydive
• (react to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body violently): flinch, jerk, jump out of one's skin, leap out of one's skin, twitch
• (move to a position in a queue/line): skip
• (attack suddenly and violently): ambush, assail; see also Thesaurus:attack
• (engage in sexual intercourse): hump, jump someone's bones; see also Thesaurus:copulate with
• (bore with a jumper): see also Thesaurus:make a hole
• (make one's escape): beat it, rabbit, take off; see also Thesaurus:flee

Derived terms

See also jumped, jamp, jumper and jumping

Translations

Noun

jump (plural jumps)

1. The act of jumping; a leap; a spring; a bound.
2. An effort; an attempt; a venture.
3. (mining) A dislocation in a stratum; a fault.
4. (architecture) An abrupt interruption of level in a piece of brickwork or masonry.
5. An instance of propelling oneself upwards.

7. An object which causes one to jump; a ramp.

8. An instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location.

9. An instance of employing a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location.

10. An instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body.
11. A jumping move in a board game.

12. A button (of a joypad, joystick or similar device) used to make a video game character jump (propel itself upwards).

13. (sports, equestrianism) An obstacle that forms part of a showjumping course, and that the horse has to jump over cleanly.

14. (with on) An early start or an advantage.

15. (mathematics) A discontinuity in the graph of a function, where the function is continuous in a punctured interval of the discontinuity.
16. (physics, hydrodynamics) An abrupt increase in the height of the surface of a flowing liquid at the location where the flow transitions from supercritical to subcritical, involving an abrupt reduction in flow speed and increase in turbulence.
17. (science fiction) An instance of faster-than-light travel, not observable from ordinary space.
18. (programming) A change of the path of execution to a different location.
19. (US, informal, automotive) Short for jump-start.

20. (film) Clipping of jump cut.
21. (theater) Synonym of one-night stand (“single evening's performance”)

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:jump.

Synonyms

• (instance of propelling oneself into the air): leap
• (instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location):
• (instance of employing a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location):
• (instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body): flinch, jerk, twitch

Derived terms

Translations

Adverb

jump (not comparable)

1. (obsolete) Exactly; precisely

Synonyms

• accurately, just, slap bang; see also Thesaurus:exactly

Adjective

jump (comparative more jump, superlative most jump)

1. (obsolete) Exact; matched; fitting; precise.

References

Etymology 2

Compare French jupe (“a long petticoat, a skirt”) and English jupon.

Noun

jump (plural jumps)

1. A kind of loose jacket for men.

Related terms

• jumper
• jumps

Chinese

Etymology

From English jump.

Pronunciation

Verb

jump

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism, euphemistic) to commit suicide by jumping from a building; to jump to one's death

Synonyms

• 跳樓／跳楼 (tiàolóu)

Cypriot Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic جَنْب (janb).

Preposition

jump

1. beside
2. to, towards

References

• Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 189

Scots

Etymology

From English jump.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒʌmp/, [d͡ʒʌmp]

Verb

jump (third-person singular simple present jumps, present participle jumpin, simple past jamp,jumpit, past participle jumpit)

1. to jump