il

English Online Dictionary. What means il‎? What does il mean?

Translingual

Alternative forms

• IL, XLIX, xlix

Numeral

il

1. (informal) A Roman numeral representing forty-nine (49).

See also

• Previous: iil (forty-eight, 48)
• Next: l (fifty, 50)

Akatek

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *il- Compare with Achi ilonik

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔil/

Verb

il

1. (transitive) to see, to watch, look at

References

Preliminary Classic Maya ‐ English, English ‐ Classic Maya Vocabulary of Hieroglyphic Readings by Erik Boot

2022. Akateko Living Dictionary. Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages. ( look "ʔil" wav recording )

Asturian

Article

il m sg (femenine a, neuter u, masculine plural us, feminine plural as)

1. (A Estierna) Alternative form of el

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish یل (yıl), from Proto-Turkic *yïl (“year”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰘𐰃𐰞 (yïl).

Pronunciation

Noun

il (definite accusative ili, plural illər)

1. year

   Synonyms: sənə, (Classical Azerbaijani) sal, (Classical Azerbaijani) am

   uzun illər ― many years (literally, “long years”)

Declension

Derived terms

• ildönümü (“anniversary”)
• onillik (“decade”)

References

Bunak

Noun

il

1. water

Further reading

• A. Schapper, J. Huber, A. van Engelenhoven, The Historical Relation of the Papuan Languages of Timor and Kisar, Language and Linguistics in Melnesia, Special Issue : On the History, Contact and Classification of Papuan languages (2012) pp. 194-242

Danish

Noun

il c

1. (rare) haste, speed

Verb

il

1. imperative of ile

Epigraphic Mayan

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *il-.

Verb

il

1. to see

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse il.

Noun

il f (genitive singular iljar, plural iljar)

1. the sole of the foot

Franco-Provençal

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin illī and Latin ille.

Pronoun

il m (postpositive -il) (ORB, broad)

1. he, it (third-person singular masculine nominative)
2. it (impersonal)

   Synonym: o

Derived terms

• ils

See also

References

• il in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
• il in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

French

Etymology

From Middle French il, from Old French il, from Late Latin illī.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /il/ IPA^(key): (informal) /i/
• (Quebec, informal) IPA^(key): (preconsonantal) /i/, (prevocalic) /j/
• Homophones: ils, île, îles, y, Ille
• Rhymes: -il

Pronoun

il m (third-person singular, plural ils, accusative le, dative lui, emphatic lui, possessive determiner son)

1. he (third-person singular masculine subject pronoun for human subject)

2. it (third-person singular subject pronoun for grammatically masculine objects)

3. (impersonal pronoun) Impersonal subject; it

Related terms

Further reading

• “il”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• li

Friulian

Alternative forms

• al (Western and Southern Friulian)
• el (Northern Friulian)

Etymology

From Latin illum, ultimately from ille.

Article

il m sg (plural i)

1. the

Inflection

See also

• i, la

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French île.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /il/

Noun

il

1. island

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse il, from Proto-Germanic *iljō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪːl/
• Rhymes: -ɪːl

Noun

il f (genitive singular iljar, nominative plural iljar)

1. the sole of the foot

   Honum sagðist vera illt í ilinni. ― He said his sole hurt.

Declension

Derived terms

• frá hvirfli til ilja

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /il/

Pronoun

il (plural ili, possessive ilua, possessive plural ilui)

1. Apocopic form of ilu; he, him

See also

Interlingua

Pronoun

il

1. personal pronoun used with impersonal verbs

Usage notes

Optional.

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish il, from Proto-Celtic *ɸilus, from Proto-Indo-European *pélh₁us, from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁-.

Adjective

il (genitive singular masculine il, genitive singular feminine ile, plural ile, comparative ile)

1. (literary) many

Derived terms

• il-

Etymology 2

Adjective

il (genitive singular masculine il, genitive singular feminine ile, plural ile, comparative ile)

1. Alternative form of oll (“great; huge, vast, immense”)

Declension

Mutation

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “il”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “il”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “il”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

Italian

Alternative forms

• el (archaic or regional)
• 'l (archaic or pronunciation spelling)
• i' (Tuscan pronunciation spelling)

Etymology

From earlier *ille, *elle, from Latin illum (and illud), ultimately from ille. The final vowel fell by apocope, and the /e/ (< Latin ⟨ē ĭ⟩) in monosyllable particles shifted to /i/ in Tuscan, compare in, di, ri-, mi. The form el is found in older texts and can still be heard regionally.

Patota claims this to be from the older form lo (from the same source), via an intermediate form l. The initial i would be a svarabhakti vowel added to the form l in order to make the pronunciation easier.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /il/
  • (after vowels) IPA^(key): /‿jl/, /‿l/
• (regional, Tuscany) IPA^(key): /i/^*

Article

il m sg (plural i)

1. the

Inflection

References

Anagrams

• -li, li, lì

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French il.

Pronoun

il m

1. he
2. it (impersonal, or referring to an unknown person)

Descendants

• French: il

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

il f or m (definite singular ila or ilen, indefinite plural iler, definite plural ilene)

1. sole of the foot

   Synonym: fotsåle

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse il f, from Proto-Germanic *iljō f, *ili n.

Noun

il f (definite singular ila, indefinite plural iler, definite plural ilene)

1. sole of the foot, especially the middle part

   Synonym: fotsole

Inflection

Related terms

• ilk
• ilke

References

• “il” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Noun

īl m

1. Alternative form of iġil

Old French

Etymology 1

Inherited from Late Latin illī.

Pronoun

il m sg (feminine ele)

1. he (third-person masculine singular subject pronoun)

Descendants

• Middle French: il
  • French: il

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin illī.

Alternative forms

• ils (late, analogical)

Pronoun

il m pl (feminine eles)

1. they (third-person masculine plural subject pronoun)

Descendants

• Middle French: ils
  • French: ils

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• hil

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *ɸelus, from Proto-Indo-European *pélh₁us, from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁-. Cognate with Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿 (filu, “much”), Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “much”), Sanskrit पुरु (puru, “much”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /il/

Adjective

il (equative lir, comparative lia)

1. much, many (usually as the first member of a compound, usually governs a plural noun)

   cosin taidbse il ― with much ostentation

   Is amlid do·rigéni Dia corp duini ó il-ballaib. ― Thus God has made man's body of many members.

   Is ferr precept oldaas labrad il-béelre. ― Preaching is better than speaking many languages.

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 4^d15

   • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26^b7

Inflection

As a preposed adjective, usually uninflected, but the following forms are found occasionally:

• Nominative/accusative plural: ili
• Dative plural: ilib

Derived terms

Descendants

• Irish: il
• Manx: yl

Mutation

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 il”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *iljō, *ili (“sole”).

Noun

il f (genitive iljar, plural iljar)

1. the sole of the foot

Declension

Descendants

• Icelandic: il
• Faroese: il
• Norwegian Nynorsk: il
• Norwegian Bokmål: il
• Old Swedish: il

Further reading

Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “il”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Somali

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic *ʔil-. Cognates include Oromo ija, Sidamo ille and Jiiddu el.

Noun

il f (plural indho m)

1. eye

References

• “il” In: Abdullah Umar Mansur (1985) Qaamuska Afsoomaliga.

Swedish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Swedish īl (“squall; sudden storm”), ultimate origin disputed. Cognate of Icelandic él (“hailstorm”).

Noun

il c

1. (archaic) a gust; a strong, abrupt rush of wind
2. (archaic) Synonym of ilning

Declension

Derived terms

• vindil

Etymology 2

Deverbal from ila (“to hurry”).

Noun

il c

1. (archaic) hurry

Declension

References

• il in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• il in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• il in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• il in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ایل (il), from Proto-Turkic *ēl (“realm”). Doublet of el.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /il/

Noun

il (definite accusative ili, plural iller)

1. province

Declension

Tzotzil

Alternative forms

• 'il

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔil/

Verb

il

1. (transitive) to see

References

• Laughlin, Robert M. [et al.] (1988) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of Santo Domingo Zinacantán, vol. I. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Yucatec Maya

Verb

il (transitive)

1. to see
2. to visit

Conjugation