English Online Dictionary. What means est? What does est mean?
Translingual
Symbol
est
- (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Estonian.
See also
- Wiktionary's coverage of Estonian terms
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛst/
- Rhymes: -ɛst
Etymology 1
From Middle English este, from Old English ēst (“will, consent, favour”), from Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“favour, affection”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”) or from *h₃neh₂- (“to bestow, offer, help; to enjoy”).
Cognate with Icelandic ást (“affection, love”), Dutch gunst (“favour, grace, courtesy, privilege”), German Gunst (“favour, goodwill, boon”), Danish yndest (“favour”), Swedish ynnest (“favour, indulgence, grace”).
Alternative forms
- este
Noun
est (usually uncountable, plural ests)
- (obsolete) Grace; favour.
Etymology 2
Alternative forms
- est.
Adjective
est (not comparable)
- Abbreviation of established.
Derived terms
- re-est
Etymology 3
Alternative forms
- EST, Est
Proper noun
est
- Initialism of Erhard Seminars Training, a course intended to promote satisfaction with life in the present moment, as opposed to strivings to attain it.
Anagrams
- tes, Tse, StE, set, TSE, Set, seṭ, ETS, STE, tse, ETs, TEs, Ste, Ste., SET
Aromanian
Alternative forms
- hiu, escu
Verb
est first-singular present indicative (third-person singular present indicative esti, past participle fute)
- to be
Conjugation
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈest]
Noun
est m (uncountable)
- east
- Synonyms: orient, llevant
See also
(compass points) punt cardinal;
Further reading
- “est” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “est”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “est” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “est” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Cornish
Etymology
From English east.
Noun
est m
- east
Synonyms
- howldrehevel
- howldrevel
Antonyms
- gorlewin
- howlsedhes
- west
Derived terms
- north-est (“north-east”)
- soth-est (“south-east”)
Corsican
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɛst/
- Hyphenation: est
Noun
est m (uncountable)
- Alternative form of este
References
- “este, est” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse est, from Proto-Germanic *izi, with addition of -t from the preterite-present verbs. The Germanic form goes back to Proto-Indo-European *h₁ési, cognate with Latin es, Ancient Greek εἶ (eî), Sanskrit असि (ási).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɛsd̥]
Verb
est
- (archaic) present tense second-person singular of være (“(thou) art”)
Elfdalian
Etymology
From Old Norse hestr, from Proto-Germanic *hanhistaz, an alternative form of *hangistaz. Compare Danish hest.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /esːt/
Noun
est m
- horse
Declension
French
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old French, from Old English ēast.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛst/
- Rhymes: -ɛst
Adjective
est (invariable)
- east
Noun
est m (uncountable)
- east
Derived terms
- Grand Est
- heure normale de l’est
Descendants
- → Asturian: este
- → Catalan: est
- → Corsican: este, est
- → Galician: leste
- → Italian: est
- → Occitan: èst
- → Portuguese: este, → leste
- → Romanian: est
- → Spanish: este
Synonyms
- orient, levant
Etymology 2
Inherited from Middle French est, from Old French est, from Latin est, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Next to Jésus-Christ, it is the only word in which silent internal s remains in modern French spelling. The expected form êt existed, but did not establish itself, in contrast to être and êtes. Possible reasons are the sheer frequency of est, its exact agreement with the Latin form, and the fact that it was usually unstressed and thus shortened.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ/, (in liaison) /ɛ.t‿/ ~ /e.t‿/
- Homophones: aie, aies, aient, ais, ait, es (general), haie, haies, hais, hait (aspirated)
Verb
est
- third-person singular present indicative of être
Alternative forms
- êt (obsolete)
Derived terms
- c’est
Further reading
- “est”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- set, Ste., tes
Hungarian
Etymology
From the es- stem of the verb esik (“to fall”) + -t (noun-forming suffix). See more at este.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɛʃt]
- Rhymes: -ɛʃt
Noun
est (plural estek)
- (archaic) evening, eve
- Synonym: este
- (literary, by extension) recital, show in the evening (compare French soirée (“evening activity, party”, literally “evening”))
- műsoros est ― an evening with entertainment
Declension
Derived terms
References
Further reading
- est in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- est in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɛst/
- Rhymes: -ɛst
- Hyphenation: èst
Noun
est m (invariable)
- east
- Synonyms: oriente, levante
See also
- (compass points) punto cardinale;
Anagrams
- 'ste, set
Latin
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.
Cognate with Sanskrit अस्ति (ásti), Ancient Greek ἐστί (estí), Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (a-s-t-i-y /astiy/), Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒍣 (ēszi), Old Church Slavonic ѥстъ (jestŭ), Gothic 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /est/, [ɛs̠t̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /est/, [ɛst̪]
Verb
est
- third-person singular present active indicative of sum
- Marcus agricola est. ― "Marcus is a farmer."
- Est senex. ― "He is old."
- Est puella in vīllā. ― "There is a girl in the villa."
Quotations
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:est.
Derived terms
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti; form of the verb edō (“I eat”). Cognate with Russian есть (jestʹ), Latvian ēst, Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /eːst/, [eːs̠t̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /est/, [ɛst̪]
Verb
ēst
- third-person singular present active indicative of edō
Synonyms
- edit
References
- “est”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
Ligurian
Noun
est m (please provide plural)
- east (cardinal point)
Middle English
Alternative forms
- æst, este, eest, east, easte
Etymology
From Old English ēast, in turn from Proto-West Germanic *austr.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛːst/
Noun
est
- east, easternness
- A location to the south; the south
- The Orient
Coordinate terms
- (compass point): north, south, west
Related terms
- esturne
- estward
Descendants
- English: east
- → Cornish: est
- Scots: aist, eist
References
- “ēst, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 29-03-2018.
Adverb
est
- To the east, eastwards, eastbound
- From the east, eastern
- In the east
Descendants
- English: east
- Scots: aist, eist
Middle French
Verb
est
- third-person singular present indicative of estre
Norman
Alternative forms
- êt (continental Normandy)
- êst (Jersey)
Etymology
From Old French, from Old English ēast.
Noun
est m (uncountable)
- (Guernsey, Sark) east
Old English
Alternative forms
- ǣst
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”), derivative of Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”).
Cognate with Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”), Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”). Related to Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”). More at own.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eːst/
Noun
ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste)
- consent, grace, favor; kindness
- pleasure
Declension
- Masculine
Strong i-stem:
- Feminine
Strong i-stem:
Synonyms
- ār, āre
Descendants
- Middle English: este
- English: est, este (obsolete)
Old French
Alternative forms
- ẽ
Verb
est
- third-person singular present indicative of estre
Old Norse
Verb
est
- second-person singular present active indicative of vera
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.
Noun
est n (uncountable)
- east
- Synonyms: orient, răsărit
Declension
Coordinate terms
- (compass points) punct cardinal;
Further reading
- est in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Sardinian
Etymology
From Latin est, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈest/
Verb
est
- third-person singular present indicative of èssere
Scots
Alternative forms
- aest
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eːst/, /øst/
Noun
est (uncountable)
- (Orkney) envy
Verb
est (third-person singular simple present ests, present participle estan, simple past ested, past participle ested)
- (Orkney) To envy.
References
- “est, n. and v.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.
Swedish
Pronunciation
Noun
est c
- Estonian; a person from Estonia
Declension
See also
- estländsk
- estniska
- estnisk
Anagrams
- Set, set, tes
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ɛsd/, [ɛst]
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /eːsd/, [eːst], /ɛsd/, [ɛst]
- Rhymes: -ɛsd
Verb
est
- second-person singular preterite colloquial of mynd
Synonyms
- aethost (literary)