English Online Dictionary. What means em? What does em mean?
English
Etymology 1
Attested since 1808. In typography, the em is named after the em quadrat (later called em quad), from m quadrat, a metal type used in letterpress typesetting, which is as wide as the point size of the font.
Pronunciation
- enPR: ĕm, IPA(key): /ˈɛm/
- Rhymes: -ɛm
Noun
em (plural ems)
- The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.
- (typography) A unit of measurement equal to the height of the type in use.
- Synonyms: quad, em quad, mutton, mut
Derived terms
Translations
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee / zed
Etymology 2
Pronoun
em
- Alternative form of 'em
Etymology 3
Coined by Christine M. Elverson by removing the "th" from them, perhaps influenced by the pre-existing em/'em, now often perceived as apheretic forms of them (though originally unrelated).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛm/
Pronoun
em (third-person singular, gender-neutral, objective case, reflexive emself, possessive adjective eir, possessive pronoun eirs)
- (rare, nonstandard) A gender-neutral third-person singular object pronoun, the objective case of ey or e, equivalent to the singular them and coordinate with him and her.
- 2023, Aimee Ogden, “A Half-Remembered World”, The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, vol. 145, no. 1-2, whole no. 768 (July/August 2023), pages 146-202
- “You idiot girl! Are you childsick?” She grabbed Asu’s wrist; Asu made no effort to twist away. “Sand and soil, tell me you’re not pregnant. Is it that—what’s eir name? Aeran? Have you lain with em? Tell me!”
Synonyms
- see Appendix:English third-person singular pronouns
Derived terms
Etymology 4
Compare um.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ(ː)m/
Interjection
em
- (Scotland, Ireland) a form of hesitant speech, or an expression of uncertainty
- Synonyms: um, umm, erm; eh, uh
- She was abused by, em... David, I think. That was his name, he's a real em... what's the word, narcissist. You should really stay away from him.
Etymology 5
Noun
em (plural ems)
- The name of the Cyrillic script letter М / м.
Anagrams
- -me-, /me, M&E, ME, Me, Me., me
Bislama
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈem/
- Hyphenation: em
Pronoun
em
- Alternative form of hem (“he, she”)
See also
References
- Terry Crowley (2004) Bislama Reference Grammar, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi press, →ISBN, page 14
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Latin mē, from Proto-Indo-European *(e)me-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (Central, Balearic) [əm]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [em]
Pronoun
em (proclitic, contracted m', enclitic me, contracted enclitic 'm)
- me (direct or indirect object)
Usage notes
- em is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a consonant.
- Em dic… ― My name is… (literally, “I call myself…”)
Declension
Central Franconian
Etymology 1
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /əm/
Pronoun
em
- (most dialects) Reduced form of im (“to him”).
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /əm/
Article
em
- (most dialects) Reduced form of däm (“to the”).
Usage notes
- The normal reduced form is dem (also spelt d'm). The further reduction is used especially after prepositions.
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /em/
Contraction
em
- (most dialects) Contraction of en däm (“in the”).
Alternative forms
- om, öm (Eifel)
Etymology 4
From Old High German umbi.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /em/
Preposition
em (+ accusative)
- (Moselle Franconian) around
Alternative forms
- öm (Ripuarian)
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɛm]
Noun
em n (indeclinable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.
Further reading
- “em”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “em”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
Daur
Etymology
Akin to Mongolian эм (em).
Noun
em
- medicine
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutch em.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛm/, [ɛm]
Noun
èm (plural em-em)
- The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) huruf; a, be, ce, de, e, ef, ge, ha, i, je, ka, el, em, en, o, pe, ki, er, es, te, u, ve, we, eks, ye, zet
Further reading
- “em” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /em/, [ɛ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /em/, [ɛm]
Etymology 1
Noun
em f (indeclinable)
- The name of the letter M.
Usage notes
- Multiple Latin names for the letter M, m have been suggested. The most common is em or a syllabic m, although there is some evidence which also supports, as names for the letter, mē, əm, mə, and even (in the fourth- or fifth-century first Antinoë papyrus, which gives Greek transliterations of the Latin names of the Roman alphabet’s letters) ιμμε (imme).
Coordinate terms
- (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta
Etymology 2
Fossilised (2nd person singular) imperative of emō.
Interjection
em
- of wonder or emphasis, there!
References
- "em", in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- "em", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- em in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[4], London: Macmillan and Co.
- Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), especially pages 30–31, 42–44, and 63
- Hannah Rosén (1999). Latine loqui: trends and directions in the crystallization of classical Latin. München: Fink. p. 47
Latvian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɛm]
Noun
em m (invariable)
- The Latvian name of the Latin script letter M/m.
See also
- Latvian letter names:
- a (A), garais ā (Ā), bē (B), cē (C), čē (Č), dē (D), e (E), garais ē (Ē), ef (F), gā (G), ģē (Ģ), hā (H), i (I), garais ī (Ī), jē (J), kā (K), ķē (Ķ), el (L), eļ (Ļ), em (M), en (N), eņ (Ņ), o (O), pē (P), er (R), es (S), eš (Š), tē (T), u (U), garais ū (Ū), vē (V), zē (Z), žē (Ž)
Lower Sorbian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛm/
Noun
em m inan
- The name of the Latin-script letter m/M.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) a, bej, cej, čet, ćej, dej, ej, ět, ef, gej, ha, cha, i, jot, ka, eł, el, em, en, ejn, o, pej, er, ejŕ, es, eš, śej, tej, u, wej, y, zet, žet, źej
Luxembourgish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /em/, [əm]
Pronoun
em
- Reduced form of him
Declension
Marshallese
Alternative forms
- im
- -m
Pronunciation
- (phonetic) IPA(key): [ɛmʲ]
- (phonemic) IPA(key): /jɛmʲ/
- Bender phonemes:
Conjunction
em
- and
References
- Marshallese–English Online Dictionary
Middle English
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old English ēam (“maternal uncle”), from Proto-West Germanic *auhaim, from Proto-Germanic *awahaimaz.
Alternative forms
- eam, eem, eeme, eme, heme, nem
- æem, æm, eom, heam, yem (Early Middle English)
- eame, eyme (Late Middle English)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛːm/
- Rhymes: -ɛːm
Noun
em (plural emes)
- uncle (brother of one's parents)
- Synonym: uncle
- (rare) progenitor, forefather
- (rare) nephew (son of one's sibling)
Descendants
- English: eam, eme (dialectal)
- Scots: eme
References
- “ēm, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
Pronoun
em
- Alternative form of hem (“them”)
Etymology 3
Verb
em
- Alternative form of am
Northern Kurdish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛm/
- Rhymes: -ɛm
Pronoun
em (oblique me)
- we; us (first-person plural personal pronoun)
See also
Northern Ohlone
Etymology
Compare Southern Ohlone men- (“your”).
Pronoun
em
- your (second-person, singular, possessive pronoun)
References
- María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington (1930s) Chochenyo Field Notes (Survey of California and Other Indian Langauges)[5], Unpublished
Old Frisian
Alternative forms
- ām, āme
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *auhaim (“maternal uncle”).
Noun
ēm m
- an uncle, mother's brother
Inflection
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *immi ("am"; a form of the verb *wesaną (“to be; dwell”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“I am, I exist”). Cognate with English am, Gothic 𐌹𐌼 (im, “am”), Latin sum (“am”), Ancient Greek εἰμί (eimí), Albanian jam (“I am”), Sanskrit अस्मि (ásmi), Latvian esmu (“(I) am”), esam (“we are”).
Verb
em
- I am, first-person of vera (meaning "to be")
Derived terms
- emk
Pennsylvania German
Etymology
Compare German dem.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛm/
Article
em (definite)
- dative masculine/neuter singular of der: the
Declension
Pronoun
em
- dative of er: him, to him
- dative of es: it, to it
Declension
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin in (“in”), from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”). Doublet of in.
Pronunciation
Preposition
em
- in; inside; within (contained by)
- on; on top of (located just above the surface of)
- in; at (located in a location)
- in (part of; a member of)
- in; into; inside (towards the inside of)
- indicates the target of an action
- in (pertaining to the particular thing)
- in (immediately after a period of time)
- in; during (within a period of time)
- at; in (in a state of)
- in (indicates means, medium, format, genre or instrumentality)
- in (indicates a language, script, tone etc. of writing, speaking etc.)
- in (wearing)
- (slang) indicates that the object deserves a given punishment
Usage notes
When followed by an article, a pronoun, a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, em is combined with the next word to give the following combined forms:
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:em.
Synonyms
- (inside): dentro de
- (on): sobre, em cima de
- (part of): parte de
- (into): para dentro de
- (immediately after): logo depois/após
- (during): consoante, durante
- (wearing): de, vestido de, vestindo
See also
- n'
Salar
Etymology
Cognate with Turkmen, Turkish em, Kyrgyz, Tuvan, Southern Altai эм (em), Kazakh ем (em), etc.
Noun
em
- medicine
- Antonym: ağu
References
- Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “em”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 324
- 张, 进锋 (Ayso Cañ Cinfen) (2008) 乌璐别格 (Ulubeğ), 鄭初陽 (Çuyañ Yebey oğlı Ceñ), editors, Salar İbret Sözler 撒拉尔谚语 [Salar Proverbs][6], China Salar Youth League, page 2
Scots
Verb
em
- (Southern Scots) emphatic first-person singular simple present of ti be
See also
- er
- es
- im
Serbo-Croatian
Alternative forms
- hem
Etymology
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish هم (hem), from Persian هم (ham).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /em/
Conjunction
em … em … (Cyrillic spelling ем … ем …)
- not only … but also
- Em me bio em još da mu kažem hvala. ― Not only did he beat me up but he also wanted me to tell him thanks.
Swedish
Alternative forms
- em.
- e.m.
- e. m.
Noun
em
- pm (indicating hours in the afternoon); abbreviation of eftermiddagen.
Usage notes
- Since the 1960s, Sweden primarily uses the 24 hour clock, making am/pm abbreviations unnecessary and less common
Antonyms
- fm
Tagalog
Etymology
From English em, the English name of the letter M/m.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ʔem/ [ʔɛm]
- Rhymes: -em
- Syllabification: em
Noun
em (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔)
- the name of the Latin-script letter M/m, in the Filipino alphabet
- Synonyms: (in the Abakada alphabet) ma, (in the Abecedario) eme
Derived terms
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) titik; ey, bi, si, di, i, ef, dyi, eyts, ay, dyey, key, el, em, en, enye, en dyi, o, pi, kyu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dobolyu, eks, way, zi
Further reading
- “em”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Tok Pisin
Etymology
From English him.
Pronoun
em
- The third person singular pronoun refers to a person or thing other than the speaker or the person being spoken to. Pronouns in Tok Pisin are not inflected for different cases.
Derived terms
- em tasol
Related terms
- -im
See also
Torres Strait Creole
Etymology
From English him.
Pronoun
em
- he/she/it (third-person singular pronoun)
Veps
Verb
em
- first-person plural present of ei
Vietnamese
Etymology
From Proto-Vietic *ʔɛːm, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(sʔ)iəm; cognate with Pacoh a-em (“younger sibling”).
According to Phan Kế Bính's Việt Nam phong tục (1915), apparently the practice of calling each other anh-em for those in relationship originated from the province of Quảng Nam:
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ʔɛm˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʔɛm˧˧]
- (Saigon) IPA(key): [ʔɛm˧˧]
Noun
(classifier đứa, thằng, con) em • (㛪, 俺, 腌)
- a younger sibling
- thằng em của em ― my younger brother
- a cousin who is descended from an ancestor who is/was a younger sibling to oneself's or one's spouse's (such as a child of a younger sibling of one of one's parents or a grandchild of a younger sibling of one of one's grandparents)
- Synonym: em họ
- a person younger than oneself but of the same generation
- (formal) a child or a student
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:em.
Derived terms
Pronoun
em • (㛪, 俺, 腌)
- pronoun used to refer to any person (oneself, the addressee, or any third person) described by the noun em above
- Synonyms: (second person): thằng em, (third person): em ấy, ẻm
- thằng em của em ― my younger brother
- (familiar) pronoun used to refer to younger person of the same generation
- pronoun used to refer to younger siblings or cousins descended from an ancestor who is/was a younger sibling to one's own or one's spouse's
- (formal) pronoun used to refer to a child or a student
- Synonym: con
- pronoun used to refer to the girl or woman in a romantic relationship
- Antonyms: anh, tôi
Usage notes
Textbooks tend to assume grade schoolers and middle schoolers to be young enough to be called em (literally “little sibling”), but high schoolers to be old enough to be called anh (“big brother”) and chị (“big sister”).
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:em.
Adjective
em • (㛪, 俺, 腌)
- small; smaller
See also
- anh
- chị
Welsh
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛm/
Noun
em f (plural emiau)
- The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.
Mutation
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) llythyren; a, bi, ec, èch, di, èdd, e, èf, èff, èg, eng, aetsh, i / i dot, je, ce, el, èll, em, en, o, pi, ffi, ciw, er, rhi, ès, ti, èth, u / u bedol / u gwpan, fi, w, ecs, y, sèd
Yola
Pronoun
em
- Alternative form of him
References
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 51