English Online Dictionary. What means ch? What does ch mean?
Translingual
Letter
ch (mixed case Ch, upper case CH)
- A digraph from c and h, considered an individual letter in some languages.
Symbol
ch
- Alternative form of cosh (“hyperbolic cosine”)
- (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Chamorro.
English
Etymology 1
Noun
ch (countable and uncountable, plural chs)
- Abbreviation of chain, a unit of measurement equal to 22 yards
- Abbreviation of chapter, main section of a book
- Abbreviation of chestnut, a dark reddish-brown colored horse
- Abbreviation of channel, in reference to telephones, audio, radio, and television
Etymology 2
Aphetic form of ich, utch, ultimately from Old English iċ (“I”). Compare Dutch 'k, an aphetic variant of ik (“I”). More at ich, I.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃ/
Pronoun
ch
- (obsolete, dialectal) Alternative form of I
Anagrams
- H&C, H.C., H/C, HC, h/c
Blin
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tʃʼ/
Letter
ch (uppercase Ch)
- A letter of the Bilen Latin alphabet.
Chipewyan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͜ʃʰ/
Letter
ch (upper case Ch)
- A letter of the Chipewyan alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Czech
Letter
ch (lower case, upper case CH, mixed case Ch)
- a digraph, the fourteenth letter of the Czech alphabet, after h and before i
Usage notes
In names or at the beginning of a sentence the mixed case Ch is used (e. g. Chrudim).
Esperanto
Letter
ch
- A digraph used in the h-sistemo to represent ĉ.
See also
- gh, hh, jh, sh
- cx, gx, hx, jx, sx, ux
French
Alternative forms
- ch.
Etymology 1
Abbreviation of chaque (“each”).
Adjective
ch (invariable)
- ea (each)
Etymology 2
Abbreviation of cheval-vapeur (“horsepower”).
Noun
Added
ch m (plural ch)
- hp (horsepower)
Usage notes
The abbreviation ch is used for all types of (metric) horsepower except tax horsepower, which uses the initialisms cv or CV.
Hadza
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ᵏǀʰ/
Letter
ch (upper case Ch)
- A letter of the practical Hadza alphabet.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (on its own) IPA(key): [ˈt͡seːɦaː]
- (within words) IPA(key): /xː/, /t͡ʃ/, /ç/, /çː/, /h/, /k/, /ʃ/ (depending on the word)
Letter
ch (lower case, upper case Ch)
- A digraph used in several Hungarian words, as well as in some surnames, given names, and geographical names.
Usage notes
It is used (among others) in the following words, along with their derivations and compounds: Achilles-ín, allochton, acháj, achát, akrosztichon, almanach, anarchia/anarchikus/anarchista/anarchizmus, archaikus/archaizál/archaizmus, archeológia/archeológus, archimandrita, architektúra, archivál/archivális/archívum, autochton, bacchanália, bacchánsnő, baldachin, barchesz, barkochba/barkochbázik, bronchitisz, cech, chanti, charleston, charta, charter, chartizmus, chata, chianti, chorijambus, chripka, couchette, disztichon, durchmars, echó, echt, eucharisztia/eucharisztikus, eunuch, exarcha, fach, franchise, gaucho, gouache, guttapercha, hierarchia/hierarchikus, hipochonder/hipochondria, ichtioszaurusz, jacht, kapitälchen, krach, lichthóf, macher, machiavellizmus, machináció/machinál, malachit, mannlicher, matriarchátus, mazochista/mazochizmus, mechanika/mechanikus/mechanisztikus/mechanizál/mechanizmus, mettlachi, moloch, monarchia/monarchikus/monarchista, oligarcha/oligarchia/oligarchikus, orchidea, patriarcha/patriarchális/patriarchátus, pech/peches, poncho, poncichter, psziché/pszichiáter/pszichiátria/pszichikai/pszichikum/pszicho-/pszichózis, richtig, rizskoch, sarlach, stich, strichel, szacharin, szinekdoché, sztrichnin, technika/technikum/technikus/technokrácia/technokrata/technológia/technológus, trachoma, trocheus, vlach, winchester.
Officially recognized given names: Achilles, Achillesz, Áchim, Archibald, Joachim, Melchior, Orchidea, Psziché, Ráchel, Richárd.
Surnames (a selection from notable people): Aulich, Damjanich, Forgách, Keglevich, Knézich, Kovách, Laczkovich, Madách, Maderspach, Orlay Petrich, Széchenyi, Széchényi, Zách, Zichy.
Geographical names (along with their derivations, e.g. chilei): Charlestown, Chatham-szigetek, Chile, Chișinău, Déli-Georgia és Déli-Sandwich-szigetek, Liechtenstein, Nouakchott, Seychelle-szigetek as well as two settlements in Hungary, Chernelházadamonya and Zichyújfalu, a hill in Budapest, Széchenyi-hegy (named after István Széchenyi) and a neighborhood in Budapest, Széchenyihegy (named after the hill).
Declension
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
References
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /x/, /ç/
Letter
ch (upper case Ch)
- A digraph in Irish orthography
Latvian
Letter
ch (lower case, upper case CH, mixed case Ch)
- (obsolete) a letter used in older, pre-World-War-II Latvian spelling, but now replaced everywhere by h (upper case H)
Usage notes
This letter can still be found in older books, or in books written by the Latvian diaspora prior to the fall of the Soviet Union. It used to represent the sound of IPA symbol /x/, as distinct from /h/; but since these sounds have merged as /x/ in current Latvian pronunciation, <h> (= /x/) is now used in all cases.
Lower Sorbian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /x/
Letter
ch (upper case CH, mixed case Ch)
- The twelfth letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called cha and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
Alphabetized between H and I.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) pismik; A a, B b, C c, Č č, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, J j, K k, Ł ł, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o (Ó ó), P p, R r, Ŕ ŕ, S s, Š š, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ž ž, Ź ź
- (obsolete letters) B́ b́, Ė ė, Ḿ ḿ, Ṅ ṅ, Ṕ ṕ, Ṙ ṙ, ſ, ß, Ꞩ ẜ, Ẃ ẃ, Ẇ ẇ, Ż ż
Mam
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tʃʰ/
Letter
ch (uppercase Ch)
- A letter of the Mam alphabet.
Osage
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [t͜sʰ]
Letter
ch
- A letter of the Osage Latin alphabet. Osage script 𐓴.
Slovak
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /x/
Letter
ch (upper case Ch)
- The sixteenth letter of the Slovak alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) písmeno; A a, Á á, Ä ä, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ď ď, Dz dz, Dž dž, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ĺ ĺ, Ľ ľ, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, Q q, R r, Ŕ ŕ, S s, Š š, T t, Ť ť, U u, Ú ú, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Z z, Ž ž
Further reading
- “ch”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Spanish
Letter
ch (lower case, upper case CH, mixed case Ch)
- che, the former fourth letter of the Spanish alphabet, after c and before d
Usage notes
- Since 1994, this letter has been treated as c followed by h for collation (sorting) purposes only. In 2010, this letter was officially removed by the RAE from the Spanish alphabet.
Further reading
- “ch”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tagalog
Etymology
Borrowed from Spanish ch.
Pronunciation
- (letter name, chiefly upper class): IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃe/, [ˈt͡ʃɛ]
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ˈtse/, [ˈt͡sɛ]
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ˈse/, [ˈsɛ]
- (phoneme, chiefly upper class): IPA(key): /t͡ʃ/, [t͡ʃ]
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ts/, [ts]
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/, [s]
- Rhymes: -e
Letter
ch (lower case, upper case CH, Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ) (historical)
- The fourth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abecedario), called che and written in the Latin script.
Uzbek
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /tʃ/
Letter
ch (upper case Ch)
- The twenty-eighth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, X x, Y y, Z z, Oʻ oʻ, Gʻ gʻ, Sh sh, Ch ch, Ng ng
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): /ɛχ/
- (informal) IPA(key): /χ(ː)/
Letter
ch (lower case, upper case Ch)
- The fourth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called èch and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by C and followed by D.
Usage notes
Like the other Welsh digraphs, ch is considered a distinct letter of the Welsh alphabet for all purposes, including collation. Thus, chwech is alphabetically sorted after cyllell.
Mutation
- ch cannot be mutated in Welsh.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ch”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Xhosa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ᵏǀʰ/
Letter
ch (upper case Ch)
- A digraph in Xhosa orthography.