year

English Online Dictionary. What means year‎? What does year mean?

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /jɪə/
• (General American) enPR: yîr, IPA^(key): /jɪɹ/
• (Scotland, Ireland, Canada) IPA^(key): /jir/
• (General South African) IPA^(key): /jøː/
• (Wales, other regions) IPA^(key): /jɜː/
• Hyphenation: year
• Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ) (in some varieties of English)

Etymology 1

From Middle English yeer, yere, from Old English ġēar (“year”), from Proto-West Germanic *jār, from Proto-Germanic *jērą (“year”), from Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, spring”). Doublet of hora and hour.

Alternative forms

• yeah (eye dialect)
• yeare, yeer, yeere, yere (obsolete)
• yur (eye dialect)

Noun

year (plural years or (UK colloquial) year)

1. A period of time akin to the time taken for the Earth to undergo a full cycle of seasons.
   1. The time taken for the Earth to return to the same position along the ecliptic, completing a full cycle of seasons; a tropical year or solar year.
   2. The time taken for the Earth to orbit the Sun with respect to the fixed stars; a sidereal year.
   3. The length of twelve lunations; the time taken for any moon phase to happen twelve times; a lunar year.
   4. The length of a year as marked by a calendar, 365 or 366 days in the Gregorian calendar; a calendar year.
   5. The mean length of a calendar year in the Julian calendar, that is, 365.25 solar days; a Julian year.
2. (by extension) The time it takes for any astronomical object (such as a planet, dwarf planet, small Solar System body, or comet) in direct orbit around a star (such as the Sun) to make one revolution around the star.
3. A period between set dates that mark a year, such as from January 1 to December 31 by the Gregorian calendar, from Tishri 1 to Elul 29 by the Jewish calendar, and from Muharram 1 to Dhu al-Hijjah 29 or 30 by the Islamic calendar.
4. A scheduled part of a calendar year spent in a specific activity.
   1. A level or grade in school or college.

5. The proportion of a creature's lifespan equivalent to one year of an average human lifespan (see also dog year).

Synonyms

• (one revolution of the Sun by the Earth): solar year, equinoctial year, sun, Theban year, twelvemonth, annum
• (time to make one revolution by any body): anomalistic year, galactic year, Gaussian year, Great Year, lunar year, Platonic year, sidereal year, Sothic year, tropical year, annum (sci fi)
• (period between set dates): calendar year, civil year, legal year
• (specific uses): accounting year, base year, dog year, financial year, fiscal year, liturgical year, quality-adjusted life year, school year, tax year

Hypernyms

• biennium (2 years), triennium (3), quadrennium or olympiad (4), quinquennium or pentad (5), sexennium (6), septennium (7), octaeteris or octennium (8), novennium (9), decennium or decade (10), centennium or century (100), quincentennium (500), kiloyear or millennium (1000), decamillennium (10,000), centimillennium (100,000), millionennium or megayear (1,000,000), gigayear (1,000,000,000)

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Descendants

• Jamaican Creole: ier
• Tok Pisin: yia
• → Chuukese: ier
• → Japanese: イヤー (iyā)
• → Volapük: yel

Translations

See also

• calendar
• (Gregorian calendar months) Gregorian calendar month; January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December ^{(Category: en:Gregorian calendar months)}
• (Hebrew calendar months) Hebrew calendar month; Tishrei, Cheshvan, Kislev, Tevet, Shevat, Adar, Nisan, Iyar, Sivan, Tammuz, Av, Elul ^{(Category: en:Hebrew calendar months)}
• (Islamic calendar months) Islamic calendar month; Muharram, Safar, Rabi I, Rabi II, Jumada I, Jumada II, Rajab, Sha'ban, Ramadan, Shawwal, Dhu'l-Qa'da, Dhu'l-Hijja ^{(Category: en:Islamic calendar months)}

References

• year on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

Noun

year

1. Pronunciation spelling of here.
2. Pronunciation spelling of hear.

Anagrams

• yare, aery, Yare, Ayre, ayre, y'are, Reay, Eary, Raye, Ayer, Arey, eyra

Scots

Etymology

From Middle English yeer, yere, from Old English ġēr, ġēar (“year”), from Proto-West Germanic *jār, from Proto-Germanic *jērą (“year”), from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁r- (“year, spring”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [(j)iːr]

Noun

year (plural year)

1. year

References

• “year, n.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, retrieved 24 May 2024, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.
• “3er, n.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, retrieved 24 May 2024, reproduced from William A[lexander] Craigie, A[dam] J[ack] Aitken [et al.], editors, A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue: […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1931–2002, →OCLC.