English Online Dictionary. What means c? What does c mean?
Translingual
Etymology 1
Modification of upper case letter C, from Etruscan 𐌂 (c), from Ancient Greek Γ (G, “Gamma”), from Phoenician 𐤂 (g, “gimel”).
Pronunciation
- (IPA symbol)
Letter
c (upper case C)
- The third letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
Usage notes
- Not to be confused with ϲ (s) (the lunate sigma).
- In many languages, the letter c represents both a “hard” /k/ sound and a “soft” sound (/s/, /ts/, /tʃ/, or /θ/), based on the following letter.
- In a number of languages, it is used only for the /tʃ/ sound.
- In many languages, it occurs frequently in the digraph with ch.
- In some romanization systems of non-Latin scripts, it represents /tʃ/, /θ/, or /tsʰ/.
See also
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter C): Ćć Ĉĉ Čč Ċċ C̄c̄ Çç Ḉḉ Ȼȼ Ƈƈ ɕ ᴄ Cc
- Other scripts: г (g, “ge”), ג (g, “gimel”), ʗ
- Letters and symbols with similar shapes: Ɔ (open O), с (s, “es”)
- For more variations, see Appendix:Variations of "c".
- Appendix:Roman script
- c on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Symbol
c
- (IPA) voiceless palatal plosive.
Etymology 2
Lower case form of upper case roman numeral C, a standardization of Ɔ and C because the latter happens to be an abbreviation of Latin centum (“hundred”), from abbreviation of ƆIC, an alternate form of >I<, from tally stick markings resembling Ж (a superimposed X and I), from the practice of designating each tenth X notch with an extra cut.
Alternative forms
- C, c, Ⅽ, LL, ll, Ↄ, ↄ, ƆIC, Ж, >I<
Numeral
c (lower case Roman numeral, upper case C)
- cardinal number one hundred (100).
Usage notes
With a bar over the numeral, i.e., as c, it represents one hundred thousand.
Derived terms
- English: c-note
See also
- Lesser roman numeral symbol: l (“50”)
- Greater roman numeral symbol: d (“500”)
- Roman numerals
Etymology 3
From centi-, from Latin centum (“hundred”).
Symbol
c
- centi-.
Etymology 4
From Latin celeritās (“speed”).
Symbol
c
- (physics) The speed of light, 2.99792458 × 108 m/s.
Etymology 5
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Symbol
c
- (mathematics) The space of convergent sequences.
Gallery
- Letter styles
See also
Other representations of C:
English
Etymology 1
Old English lower case letter c, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case c of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚳ (c, “cen”).
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /siː/ (usually spelled cee)
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /k/, /s/, /tʃ/, ...
- Usage notes: In English, c is usually pronounced as /k/ ("crack", "climb", "clone"), sometimes pronounced as /s/ ("cereal", "celebrity", "citron"), and rarely pronounced as /tʃ/ ("ciao", "cello", "vermicelli"). Sometimes c is pronounced as /tʃ/ due to English words that came from Italian. (Italian has a rule that states that c before i or e is pronounced as /tʃ/.[1])
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C, plural cs or c's)
- The third letter of the English alphabet, called cee and written in the Latin script.
Number
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The ordinal number third, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called cee and written in the Latin script.
Derived terms
- c-hole
See also
- (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Etymology 2
Various abbreviations
Adverb
c
- Alternative form of c.
Etymology 3
Noun
c (plural cs or c's)
- (music) The middle tone in either one of the sets of seven white keys on a keyboard or a set of seven strings on a stringed instrument.
Etymology 4
Verb
c
- (Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of see; also C.
Afar
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ħ/
Letter
c
- The sixth letter of the Afar alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, T t, S s, E e, C c, K k, X x, I i, D d, Q q, R r, F f, G g, O o, L l, M m, N n, U u, W w, H h, Y y
Albanian
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /t͡s(ə)/
Letter
c (upper case C, lower case c)
- The third letter of the Albanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) shkronjë; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, Dh dh, E e, Ë ë, F f, G g, Gj gj, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, Q q, R r, Rr rr, S s, Sh sh, T t, Th th, U u, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh
- (Arvanitic) (Greek script letters) Α α, Β β, Ƃ ƅ, Γ γ, Γj γj, Δ δ, D d, Ε ε, Ε̱ ε̱, Ζ ζ, Ζ̇ ζ̇, Θ θ, Ι ι, J j, Κ κ, Κ̇ κ̇, Λ λ, ΛΛ λλ, Λ̇ λ̇, Μ μ, Ν ν, Ν̇ ν̇, Ο ο, Π π, Ρ ρ, Ρ̇ ρ̇, Σ σ, Σ̈ σ̈, Τ τ, Ȣ ȣ, Υ υ, Φ φ, Χ χ, Χ̇ χ̇, ΤΣ τσ, ΤΣ̈ τσ̈, DΣ dσ, DΣ̈ dσ̈
Azerbaijani
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /d͡ʒ/
Letter
c lower case (upper case C)
- The third letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z
Basque
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s̻e/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Basque alphabet, called ze and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
- Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Catalan
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /se/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /k/, /s/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Catalan alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) lletra; A a, À à, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, É é, È è, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, Ï ï, J j, K k, L l (L·L l·l), M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, Ò ò, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Dutch
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /seː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/, /k/, /tʃ/
- Rhymes: -eː
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) letter; A a (Á á, Ä ä), B b, C c, D d, E e (É é, Ë ë), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í, Ï ï, IJ ij), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ö ö), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y (Ý ý), Z z
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /tso/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /ts/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called co and written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z
Estonian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtseː/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Estonian alphabet, called tsee and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
- Used only in foreign words.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)
Fijian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /ð/
Letter
c (upper case C)
- The third letter of the Fijian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, Y y
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈseː/, [ˈs̠e̞ː] (name of letter)
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Finnish alphabet, called see and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
- Used only in loanwords. In more established loanwords replaced with k or s.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö
Noun
c
- (music) C (note)
Usage notes
Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.
Declension
French
Pronunciation
- (letter name) IPA(key): /se/
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /k/, /s/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.
-
- With these passages and other similar ones, the poor gentleman lost his judgement. He spent his nights and tortured himself to understand them, to consider them more deeply, to take from them their deepest meaning, which Aristotle himself would not have been able to do, had he been resurrected for that very purpose.
-
Contraction
c
- (text messaging, Internet slang) Informal spelling of c'est
- C nul ici sans George
- It's rubbish here without George
- C nul ici sans George
Fula
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /tʃ/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
- Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).
See also
- (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): [ ˈt͡s]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ ˈt͡seː]
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The fourth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called cé and written in the Latin script.
Declension
Derived terms
- c-moll
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Ido
Pronunciation
- (context pronunciation) IPA(key): /ts/
- (letter name) IPA(key): /tse/
Letter
c (upper case C)
- The third letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Interlingua
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /tse/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /k/ before 'a'/'o'/'u', /ts/ before 'i'/'e'/'y'
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Interlingua alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Italian
Noun
c m or f (invariable)
- See under C
Japanese
Alternative forms
- ©️
Etymology
Short of ちゃん (chan).
Suffix
c • (-chan)
- (teen girl's slang) Alternative spelling of ちゃん (chan)
Related terms
- s (san)
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): [ts]
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The fourth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called cē and written in the Latin script.
See also
- Letters of the Latvian alphabet:
- burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž
Lushootseed
Letter
c
- The fifth letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as a voiceless alveolar affricate.
Malay
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /tʃ/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Norwegian
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /seː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /k/, /s/
- Homophone: se
Letter
c
- The 3rd letter of the Norwegian alphabet.
Usage notes
- Only used in words of foreign origin, usually English. Even rare in loanwords, as this letter does not represent a sound of its own.
- Still kept in many Christian names, therefore Caroline and Karoline are both acceptable spellings.
Portuguese
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /k/, /s/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ã ã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Etymology 2
From cê, short form of você (“you”).
Pronoun
c m or f (plural 6)
- (Internet slang) Abbreviation of você.
- Synonym: vc
Etymology 3
Preposition
c
- Abbreviation of com.
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /k/, /tʃ/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The fifth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called ce or cî and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes
See C for pronunciation notes.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă, Â â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Î î, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Serbo-Croatian
Alternative forms
- (uppercase): C
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /t͡s/
Letter
c (Cyrillic spelling ц)
- The 3rd letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by b and followed by č.
Skolt Sami
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /t͡s/
Letter
c (upper case C)
- The fourth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a, Â â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ
Somali
Letter
c lower case (upper case C)
- The twelfth letter of the Somali alphabet, called cayn and written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) ', B b, T t, J j, X x, Kh kh, D d, R r, S s, Sh sh, Dh dh, C c, G g, F f, Q q, K k, L l, M m, N n, W w, H h, Y y, A a, E e, I i, O o, U u
Spanish
Pronunciation
(phoneme)
- IPA(key): /ˈk/
- (Castilian) IPA(key): /ˈθ/
- (Latin America) IPA(key): /ˈs/
(letter name)
- (Castilian) IPA(key): /ˈθe/
- (Latin America) IPA(key): /ˈse/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Swedish
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /seː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/, /k/
Proper noun
c
- Centre Party; Abbreviation of Centerpartiet.
Turkish
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /dʒɛː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /dʒ/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ce and written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): /ɛk/
- (informal) IPA(key): /kə/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Welsh alphabet, called ec and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by b and followed by ch.
Mutation
- c at the beginning of words mutates to g in a soft mutation, to ngh in a nasal mutation and to ch in an aspirate mutation, for example with the word cath (“cat”):
See also
- (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , chapter C, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Zulu
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /ǀ/
Letter
c (lower case, upper case C)
- The third letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z